Objective To summary the effects and prospects of percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension. Methods Literatures which about the relationship between renal sympathetic nerves and hypertension, and the technical prospect and inadequacy of percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension, were analyzed and reviewed. Results Hypertension, which as a seriously public health problem, was the focus of clinical treatment currently. Renal sympathetic nerve was certified playing an important role in regulation of blood pressure, and percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation had potential superiority in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Conclusion Percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation is an effective method for resistant hypertension.