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败血症引起感染性心内膜炎抢救成功一例

腹膜透析治疗小儿心脏手术后并发急性肾功能衰竭

目的 总结腹膜透析（PD）治疗小儿心脏手术后并发急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的临床经验。 方法 27例ARF患者，年龄3个月～12岁（4.20±3.58岁）；体重4.2～30.0 kg（12.35±7.65 kg）。因心脏手术后发生ARF进行PD。动态监测血气分析、电解质、血清肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮（BUN）、平均动脉压（MAP）和中心静脉压（CVP）的变化。 结果 PD后 5d Cr、BUN与PD前比较明显下降（Plt;0.01），血钾、血钠、碳酸氢根（HCO3-）恢复正常。术后死亡8例（29.6%），死于低心排血量3例，感染并发多器官功能衰竭3例，恶性心律失常1例，肺动脉高压危象1例。发生并发症9例（33.3%），其中管周漏液3例，腹膜炎3例，透析管堵塞3例（其中感染堵塞1例、大网膜堵塞2例）。 结论 小儿心脏手术后ARF早期行PD疗效肯定、安全，操作方便，可降低死亡率。

Protection Effect of Combination of Leukocyte Depletion and Aprotinin

There is a close relationship between inflammation and coagulation response. Inflammation and coagulation are activated simultaneously during cardiopulmonary bypass, which induce postperfusion syndrome. Leukocyte depletion filter can inhibit inflammation by reducing neutrophils in circulation. But, its effects on blood conservation are limited. Aprotinin is a serine protease inhibitor, and can prevent postoperative bleeding by anti-fibrinolysis and protection of platelet function. But its effects on anti-inflammation and protection of organs are subjected to be doubted. The combination of leukocyte depletion filter and aprotinin can inhibit inflammation as well as regulate coagulation, and may exert a good protective action during cardiopulmonary bypass.