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"钟敏泉" 3 results
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目的 总结动脉转位术(ASO)围手术期监护的经验,为提高其疗效提供借鉴。 方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2009年6月广东省人民医院收治的135例完全型大动脉转位(TGA)患者行ASO的临床资料,男110例,女25例;手术时日龄1~160 d(27.24±26.49 d),体重2.4~5.0 kg(3.52±0.66 kg)。室间隔完整61例,室间隔缺损74例。术前动态监测血乳酸水平,纠正心功能不全,对98例(72.59%)明显低氧血症患者给予持续静脉注射前列腺素E1[PGE1,2~200 ng/(kg·min)]。手术在低温体外循环下施行,同期矫治合并畸形。术后严密监测凝血指标、左心功能,以间歇指令通气+容量保证通气(SIMV+VG)模式进行呼吸支持。22例术后应用PGE1[4~20 ng/(kg·min)]。 结果 全组体外循环时间36~423 min(189.20±59.94 min),主动脉阻断时间0~219 min(120.07±31.09 min),118例术后即时血氧饱和度95%~100%。术后机械通气时间24~792 h(168.24±154.80 h),总住院时间1~89 d(30.31±17.21 d)。生存108例,死亡27例(20.00%),主要死亡原因为低心排血量综合征。2001~2003年病死率为50.00%,2004~2006年为36.36%,2007~2009年后为8.43%,明显下降(χ2=18.323,Plt;0.001)。术后并发症:感染30例(22.22%),肺不张35例(25.93%);心电图检查示:STT改变50例(37.04%),心律失常44例(32.59%);超声心动图提示:吻合口狭窄36例(26.67%),肺动脉狭窄33例(24.44%)。 结论 ASO应用于TGA手术效果良好,除手术、麻醉操作外,术前维持内环境稳定、控制血乳酸水平,术后注意呼吸管理、维护左心功能是成功的关键。
Release date:2016-08-30 05:57
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目的探讨高频振荡通气(HFOV)在小儿重度急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)合并气漏中的应用价值及安全性。
方法结合1例腺病毒感染致重度ARDS合并大量气胸患儿的临床资料及国内外相关文献, 评价早期HFOV在儿童重度ARDS综合治疗中的价值。
结果患儿机械通气前动脉血PaO2/FiO2为41 mm Hg, 氧合指数(OI)为35, 动脉血PaCO2为72 mm Hg, SaO2为10%。放置胸腔引流管, 约2 h换用HFOV, 在咪达唑仑、芬太尼基础上加用维库溴铵以保证人机的协调性。患儿气漏逐渐稳定吸收, PaO2/FiO2逐日升高, OI逐日下降, PaCO2维持在50~60 mm Hg。开始运用HFOV时患儿心率增快, 血压进行性下降, 经生理盐水、白蛋白扩容以及去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺升压后稳定。共使用HFOV治疗7 d, 常规频率机械通气2 d, 住院10 d后转出儿科重症监护室, 一共住院3周, 痊愈出院。
结论早期应用HFOV对改善大量气漏的重度ARDS患儿的通气和氧合有益, 但HFOV对血流动力学有影响。
Release date:2016-10-02 04:55
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ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and management of postoperative chylothorax after congenital cardiac surgery in infants and children.
MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 79 postoperative patients with chylothorax after congenital cardiac surgery in Guangdong General Hospital between January 2006 and December 2013.There were 54 males and 25 females at age ranged 8 days to 14 years.
ResultsThe prevalence of postoperative chylothorax was 0.6% (79/12 067). A total of 75 (94.9%) patients were cured. And 71 patients (89.9%) were cured by conservative treatment. While 4(5.1%) patients received operative treatment, including 3 patients undergoing ligation of thoracic duct, 1 patient undergoing lymphatic ablation. There were 4 (5.1%) patients failed to treat, including 1(1.3%) abandoned, 3 (mortality of 3.8%) deaths in hospital for low cardiac output syndrome, cardiac arrest and severe anastomotic stenosis after transposition of conducting arteries(TGA), tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection(TAPVC) operation respectively. Hospitalization time ranged 10 to 108 (39.3±19.4) d. There was no recurrence of chylothorax within 6 months to 8 years of following-up.
ConclusionThe key to prevention of chylothorax is to improve the surgical technology. Conservative management of chylothorax will be successful in most cases, but surgical treatment ought to be considered if the conservative management is unsuccessful.
Release date:2016-10-02 04:56
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