Objective Application of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in the study on the relationship of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the children with hearing loss and auxiliary determine the prognosis of encephalopathy. Methods We prospectively selected neonates diagnosed as HIE in the department of neonatology of the Chengdu Women and Children Central Hospital from January, 2006 to June, 2008. Neonatal ABR was tested and the prognosis of neonates were observed through 3-year followed up in order to analyze the relationship between HIE severity and the severity of hearing handicap and the relationship between the severity of hearing handicap and prognosis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0. χ2 test was used to compare the rate between groups. Results 40 cases involving 80 ears were included, of which 33 cases accomplished the 3-year follow-up for prognosis. The results showed that, 86.3% HIE neonates had hearing handicap (mainly mild hearing loss, 40.0%). Medium-severe HIE groups had more serious hearing handicap than Mild HIE group with a statistical significance (continuity correction χ2=7.383, P=0.007). ABR results showed that, mild HIE is mainly manifested as I wave PL prolonged or poorly differentiated, accounting for 78.1%; medium - severe HIE are mainly manifested as III and V wave PL prolonged central segment abnormalities, accounting for 95.8%; the hearing threshold no more than 60 dB group had better prognosis than the hearing threshold more than 60 dB group prognosis (Fisher exact probability P=0.001). Conclusion ABR reflects that HIE severity and was positively related to the severity of hearing handicap. The more serious hearing loss in neonates is, the worse prognosis the neonates have. ABR can be used to assist the assessment of the prognosis of neonatal HIE.
目的 探讨成年人颅骨表面遮盖重建（SSD）的理想阈值设定，为利用SSD进行的头部CT血管成像（CTA）去骨成像提供阈值设定的依据。 方法 选取2012年8月，在成都市第一人民医院体检的、同一单位工作的86位体检对象，进行颅骨平均CT值、腰椎骨质密度、性别及年龄的两两对照及多重线性回归拟合，建立起预估颅骨平均CT值的多重线性回归方程，计算出18～80岁人群的理论平均颅骨CT值作为SSD的理想阈值。同时收集2012年10月－2013年2月在该院进行头部CTA检查的12例患者的相关资料以验证其可行性。 结果 18～80岁人群的理论平均颅骨CT值约为640 Hu。以该值作为SSD的阈值进行去骨成像，所有患者图像质量评分均为5分，可视为去骨成功。 结论 在利用理论颅骨平均CT值作为重建阈值的基础之上，通过简单的SSD图像质量再判断及修正，即可简便地完成后处理工作，具有可行性。
Abstract This experiment was to study the feasibility from direct observation of muscle contraction of the lower extremity fromelectrical stimulation threshold of nerve fascicle in identifying the Iα intrafusal afferent fibers during selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) and to investigate the clinical relationship between the muscle spasm and the electrical stimulation of nerve fascicles. The electrical stimulation threshold of all nerve fascicles in 36 cases during SPR were analysed statistically. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the electrical stimulation threshold of the severed nerve fascicles and intact nerve fascicles no matter the nerve root or each posterior nerve rootlet was examined. It was simple and reliable for surgeons to identify correctly the Iα intrafusal afferent fibers intraoperatively from direct observation of the electrical stimulation threshold of nerve fascicle.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognosis of photocoagulation and (or) cryotherapy for prethreshold type 1 and threshold disease of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsThe data of 29 eyes of 15 infants who were diagnosed as with prethreshold type 1 or threshold disease of ROP from Jan 30th, 2003 to Jan 13th, 2005 were retrospectively analysed. Pre- and post-operative conditions of ROP were compared in the follow up. Any related local and systemic complications were recorded.ResultsIn 29 eyes which had undergone photocoagulation and (or) cryotherapy, ROP regressed completely in 19 (65.5%), remained dragged retina was found in 7 (24.1%), and retinal detachment was seen in 3 (103%). ROP regressed completely in 12 eyes (41.4%) after the initial treatment and in 7 eyes (24.1%) after the secondary treatment. During the treatment, temporary corneal haze was found in 2 eyes, vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 1 eye, and inadvertent photocoagulation at macular area happened in 1 eye. No systemic complications were found in all cases.ConclusionTimely treatment of photocoagulation and (or) cryotherapy for prethreshold type 1 and threshold disease of ROP may lead to famous prognosis.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2005,21:278-281)
Objective To introduce the multivariate random effects model (MREM) in the meta-analysis of diagnostic tests with multiple thresholds. Methods This paper expanded and extended the bivariate random effects model (BREM) to develop the MREM, and implemented it in the SAS Proc NLMIXED procedure. Results The MREM could obtain the study specific ROC curve for each study through empirical Bayes estimation, and the summary ROC curve located in between all study specific ROC curves evenly, while the BREM couldn’t obtain the study specific ROC curve. In addition, in the aspect of parameters estimation, the MREM didn’t depend on the choice of the diagnosis threshold and the type of SROC. The MREM could get only one SROC curve and its AUC was between the AUC of the 5 types of SROC from BREM, so it could avoid overestimation or underestimation. Conclusion The MREM can fully exploit the data, obtain stable and reliable results, and have a good application value in meta-analysis of diagnostic tests with multiple thresholds.
目的 评价UF-1000i全自动尿沉渣分析仪中沉渣定量模块中白细胞和细菌参数阈值在排除尿路感染的应用价值。 方法 选取2 580份清洁中段尿液, 同时进行细菌培养菌落计数和UF-1000i尿沉渣白细胞和细菌定量分析，建立ROC曲线确定白细胞参数与细菌参数阈值。 结果 以尿定量培养菌落计数G?菌≥105 cfu/mL，G+菌≥104 cfu/mL为阳性参考标准，当白细胞沉渣定量为100/μL时，UF-1000i尿沉渣分析仪检测灵敏度为64%，特异度为75%，阴性预测值为96%；当UF-1000i细菌计量为901/μL时，检测灵敏度为68.3%，特异度为92.8%，阴性预测值为97%。 结论 UF-1000i检测新鲜尿标本白细胞的测定值lt;100/μL，细菌值lt;901/μL时能够作为临床早期排除尿路感染的依据之一。
Objective Using cortex convulsions threshold detector and electrical stimulation in rats cortex convulsions threshold model, compare the efficacy and aging of domestic lamotrigine (LTG) and imported LTG. Methods Electrical stimulation convulsions threshold model in rats after stability, 40 rats were randomly divided into A、B、C、D groups,AandBgroup were divided into three different dose groups: domestic LTG low dose (12.5 mg/kg/d), middle dose (25 mg/kg·d), high dose group (37.5 mg/kg·d); imported LTG low doses (12.5 mg/kg·d), middle dose (25 mg/kg·d), high dose group (37.5 mg/kg·d); Carbamazepine middle dose group (72 mg/kg·d); the control group (normal saline 2 ml/time). Recording electrical stimulation in rats cortex convulsions threshold model after administration, compare the differences before and after the administration. Results Three different dose groups of domestic LTG and imported LTG all hadahigher level of electrical stimulation cortex convulsions threshold, and showedadose-response relationship. Onset time of LTG after administration was 1 to 2 hours, peak time was 3 to 4 hours, maintaining time was 8 to 10 hours. Conclusion LTG can improve cortex convulsions threshold in the electrical stimulated rats, there was no significant difference with carbamazepine, and showedadose-response relationship; Repeat dosing for 4 days, both domestic and imported LIG can maintain effective anticonvulsive effect, the efficacy and the aging of two groups of LTG have no significant difference (P＞0.05).
Electric and electronic products are required to pass through the certification on electrical safety performance before entering into the market in order to reduce electrical shock and electrical fire so as to protect the safety of people and property. The leakage current is the most important factor in testing the electrical safety performance and the test theory is based on the perception current effect and threshold. The traditional method testing the current threshold for perception only depends on the sensing of the human body and is affected by psychological factors. Some authors filter the effect of subjective sensation by using physiological and psychological statistical algorithm in recent years and the reliability and consistency of the experiment data are improved. We established an experiment system of testing the human body's current threshold for perception based on EEG feature analysis, and obtained 967 groups of data. We used wavelet packet analysis to detect α wave from EEG, and used FFT to do spectral analysis on α wave before and after the current flew through the human body. The study has shown that about 97.72% α wave energy changes significantly when electrical stimulation occurs. It is well proved that when the EEG feature identification is applied to test the human body current threshold for perception, and meanwhile α wave energy change and human body sensing are used together to confirm if the current flowing through the human body reaches the perception threshold, the measurement of the human body current threshold for perception could be carried out objectively and accurately.
It is difficult to distinguish the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) from other tissues inside the IAN canal due to their similar CT values in the X image which are smaller than that of the bones. The direct reconstruction, therefore, is difficult to achieve the effects. The traditional clinical treatments mainly rely on doctors' manually drawing the X images so that some subjective results could not be avoided. This paper proposes the partition reconstruction of IAN canal based on shape features. According to the anatomical features of the IAN canal, we divided the image into three parts and treated the three parts differently. For the first, the directly part of the mandibular, we used Shape-driven Level-set Algorithm Restrained by Local Information (BSLARLI) segment IAN canal. For the second part, the mandibular body, we used Space B-spline curve fitting IAN canal's center, then along the center curve established the cross section. And for the third part, the mental foramen, we used an adaptive threshold Canny algorithm to extract IAN canal's edge to find center curve, and then along it established the cross section similarly. Finally we used the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) to reconstruct the CT data as mentioned above. The VTK reconstruction result by setting a different opacity and color values of tissues CT data can perspectively display the INA canal clearly. The reconstruction result by using this method is smoother than that using the segmentation results and the anatomical structure of mental foramen position is similar to the real tissues, so it provides an effective method for locating the spatial position of the IAN canal for implant surgeries.