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find Author "陈立宇" 9 results
  • 深部真菌感染的耐药机制研究进展

    【摘要】随着深部真菌感染日益增加及抗真菌药物的广泛应用,深部真菌耐药现象也日益突出。近十年以来,虽有较多新型抗真菌感染药物相继研发并应用于临床,但国内外已有较多对其耐药的病案报道。真菌面对唑类等强大的抗真菌药物也不断产生着严重的耐药性,并迅速使一些院内真菌感染陷入了无药可选的境地。因此,研究真菌的耐药机制并寻找新的抗真菌药物已成当务之急。现就按照抗真菌药物分类,对近年来国内外深部真菌感染的耐药机制的研究进展进行综述,以明确深部真菌耐药发生的诱因、机制,为指导临床合理使用抗真菌药物;尽可能减少深部真菌耐药的发生及研究新一代抗真菌药物提供参考。

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  • 肝纤维化的无创诊断技术研究进展

    传统的无创肝纤维化诊断的方法主要包括血清透明质酸等血清学指标、普通的肝脏B型超声及CT等影像学检查,上述方法诊断肝纤维化灵敏度及特异度均相对有限。近年来随着研究的深入,发现了一些新的血清学指标如基质金属蛋白酶等,以及一些新的影像学检查技术如超声造影、CT灌注成像及磁共振加权成像等。这些血清学指标及影像学检查技术较传统指标和技术大大提高了对肝纤维化诊断的灵敏度及特异度,但也存在一定误差及局限。该文对近期国内外该领域的研究进展进行综述,以明确各种新的无创诊断技术的原理、应用范围、准确性及局限性等,并明了采用无创技术诊断肝纤维化是未来的发展趋势,但现阶段的无创诊断技术尚不能完全替代肝脏穿刺病理活体组织检查,联合应用多项无创性检查手段系统评价肝纤维化程度是未来研究的新方向之一。

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  • 心力衰竭诱发慢加急性肝衰竭临床分析一例

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  • Analysis on the Sensitivity of 496 Clinical Isolated Strains of Bloodborne Infectious Staphylococci to Antibacterial Drugs

    Objective To survey and analyze the drug resistance of clinical isolated strains of bloodborne infectious staphylococci, in order to provide references for clinical diagnosis of aureus septicemia and rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods We retrospectively studied the clinical data of 496 patients with staphylococcal septicemia confirmed by blood culture between June 2008 and May 2015 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The microbiological characteristics of the disease were analyzed. Results In the included 496 cases, there were 216 (43.55%) cases of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CPS) septicemia and 280 (56.45%) of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) septicemia; 85 (17.14%) cases were caused by community infection, while the other 411 (82.86%) resulted from hospital infection. The drug resistance rate of CPS and CNS toward oxacillin was respectively 27.78% (60/216) and 87.50% (245/280), with a significant difference (P < 0.05). In al l the clinical isolated strains of CPS, the drug resistance rate of community infected strains and hospital infected strains toward oxacillin was respectively 9.67% (6/62) and 35.06% (54/154), with a significant difference (P < 0.05). For the clinical isolated strains of CNS, the drug resistance rate of community infected strains and hospital infected strains toward oxacillin was respectively 69.57% (16/23) and 89.11% (229/257), also with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions The drug resistance of hospital infected staphylococcal strains is stronger than community infected strains. The CNS strains are more drug-resistant than CPS strains.

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  • Evalution of serum procalcitonin level in differential diagnosis between systemic infection and local infection

    Objective To explore the expression differences of procalcitonin (PCT) in different infection sites and bacterial strains, and to provide the evidence for early differential diagnosis of infectious diseases with PCT as a biomarker. Methods The patients with various kinds of infections diagnosed in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2012 and June 2016 were retrospectively included. The expression differences of PCT in various infection sites and bacterial strains were analyzed. Results A total of 1 005 patients were include in this study, including 259 with systemic infection and 746 with local infection. The median PCT level in the systemic infection group was higher than that in the local infection group (8.57 vs. 0.10 ng/mL, P<0.05). In the 779 patients with pulmonary infection, the median PCT level of the patients with sepsis caused by pulmonary infection was higher than that of the ones without sepsis (4.61vs. 0.10 ng/mL, P<0.05), and the median PCT level of the patients with positive sputum culture was higher than that of the ones with negative sputum culture (0.28vs. 0.08 ng/mL, P<0.05). In the 48 patients with urinary tract infection, the median PCT level of the patients with sepsis caused by urinary tract infection was higher than that of the ones without sepsis (12.00vs. 0.42 ng/mL, P<0.05), and the median PCT level of the patients with complicated urinary tract infection was higher than that of the patients with simplex urinary tract infection (19.15vs. 5.02 ng/mL, P<0.05). In the 259 patients with systemic infection, the median PCT level of the patients with infective shock was higher than that of the ones without infective shock (40.26vs. 3.83 ng/mL, P<0.05); the mean PCT level of patients with infection of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi was 13.66, 0.99, and 3.30 ng/mL with a significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The PCT level has unique advantages in identifying different sites of the infection, early diagnosing complicated urinary tract infection, and evaluating the severity of infection, which could provide evidence in early identification for sepsis caused by various kinds of infectious pathogens.

    Release date:2017-12-25 06:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Surgical treatment of adult patients with anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery

    Objective To review the experience of the surgical treatment of adult patients with anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). Methods A retrospective, single institution review was conducted on thirty-six adult patients with ALCAPA surgical treatment from November 1991 to November 2017 in Fuwai Hospital. Of these patients, nine were males and twenty-seven were females. The mean age was 36.6±13.3 years. The mean weight was 60.0±9.4 kg. The preoperative echocardiography showed the mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 57%±6% and the mean left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) was 52.3±6.3 mm. Severe mitral regurgitation (MR) was seen in one patient, moderate in five patients. The operative procedures included coronary artery re-implantation in seventeen patients, Takeuchi operation in sixteen patients, ligation of left coronary artery plus coronary artery bypass graft in three patients. In addition, six patients underwent mitral valve repair. Results There was no in-hospital mortality. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 152.5±72.9 min and aortic cross clamp time was 101.9±43.6 min, respectively. The mean mechanical ventilation time and ICU time was 17.3±16.3 h and 43.1±30.7 h, respectively. The mean postoperative LVEF was 59%±6%, which did not significantly improve compared with preoperative LVEF. However, the mean postoperative LVEDD of 46.9±5.9 mm had significant reduction compared with the preoperative LVEDD. Of the six patients with mitral valve repair, one was mild and the other five were trivial. Thirty-five patients (97.2%) completed the follow-up with a mean time of 5.5 years. All the patients survived with New York Heart Association class Ⅰor Ⅱ. Two patients needed interventional occlusion or re-operation due to the fistula of internal tunnel within the pulmonary artery. At the latest echocardiography, the mean LVEF of 69%±7% improved significantly compared with the preoperative LVEF. Mild MR was detected in ten patients, moderate in two patients during the follow-up period. Conclusion The surgical treatment of adult patients with ALCAPA has satisfactory short- and long-term results. The patients who underwent Takeuchi procedure may need re-operation due to fistula of internal tunnel within the pulmonary artery during the long-term follow-up.

    Release date:2019-05-28 09:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 脑脊液宏基因组二代测序辅助诊断艾滋病合并弓形虫脑炎一例

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  • Clinical Analysis on 121 Cases of Hepatic Hydatidosis

    ObjectiveTo describe the current situation of the prevalence of hepatic hydatidosis, analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment method of the disease, in order to provide scientific basis for personal treatment plans of hepatic hydatidosis. MethodThe clinical data of 121 patients with recurrent hepatic hydatidosis treated between July 2006 and December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The general information of hydatid disease of liver, mass of liver, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, treatment method, effectiveness of the treatment during hospitalization, and follow-up results were collected and analyzed. ResultsMost of the patients were adults from Sichuan and Tibet, and the majority of them had no clear occupation or clear animal contact history and had not taken raw or fresh meat. Lesions in the right lobe occurred in 87 cases, accounting for 71.90%. Abdominal pain and distension were the main clinical manifestations. Twenty-five (20.66%) of these patients were associated with hepatic dysfunction, among whom 23 patients had mild hepatic dysfunction. Alpha-fetoprotein level was increased in one (0.83%) of these cases. A total of 119 of the 121 patients received surgical treatment (98.35%) and all the surgeries were successful. Follow-up results revealed that three of the patients had recurrence. ConclusionsHepatic hydatidosis is an epidemic mainly in the Tibetan district of the West of China. The disease mainly occurs in the right lobe of the liver, which mainly causes mile liver damage. Hepatocellular carcinoma has not been found in these cases. Surgery treatment is the main therapy for liver hydatidosis and may result in good effectiveness.

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  • The implementation and effectiveness of acquired immune deficiency syndrome prevention and control work assisted by West China Hospital of Sichuan University in Zhaojue

    Zhaojue is a deeply impoverished county located in Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Based on local conditions, West China Hospital of Sichuan University has established a targeted supporting mode called “three-level organization and five-in-one”. This mode integrates administrative support teams, multiple disciplinary technical support teams and on-site expert teams to achieve five goals, including building effective teams, promoting clinical practice, enhancing skill training, focusing on academics and building a systematic platform. This model has improved the ability of treatment on human immunodeficiency virus infection and overall health services in Zhaojue County. It also reflects the responsibility of West China Hospital of Sichuan University in poverty alleviation and public welfare.

    Release date:2020-02-24 05:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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