ObjectiveTo systematically review the preventive effect of breastfeeding intensity and duration on progression to pre-diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM among females with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on the correlation of GDM and breastfeeding from inception to January 8th, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 16.0 software.ResultsA total of 29 cohort studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that breastfeeding could lower the risk of pre-DM (RR=0.64, 95%CI 0.57 to 0.71, P<0.001) and DM (RR=0.75, 95%CI 0.66 to 0.86, P<0.001) among females with prior GDM. Subgroup analysis showed that breastfeeding exhibited protective effects against pre-DM after 0 to 6 months as well as 6 to 12 months. Both breastfeeding for 0 to 6 months and over 12 months could decrease the risk of DM. These effects became prominent with the extension of the follow-up period. However, no significant association was observed between breastfeeding and recurrence of GDM (RR=0.72, 95%CI 0.47 to 1.09, P=0.14).ConclusionsBreastfeeding may be a major contributor in protecting against pre-DM and DM among females with prior GDM history. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusions.
Effectiveness-implementation hybrid designs can test the effectiveness of interventions and the outcomes of implementation strategies concurrently and accelerate the transformation of research results into routine practice. This paper introduced three types of effectiveness-implementation hybrid designs and corresponding reporting guidelines, including standards for reporting implementation studies, cluster randomized design and CONSORT 2010, stepped-wedge cluster randomized design and extended version CONSORT 2018, qualitative research and COREQ reporting guideline, and provide references for domestic researchers to produce research reports on effectiveness-implementation hybrid design.
Evidence-based evidence translated into health care services requires three conversion processes, preclinical research-clinical research-implementation research, which might take a very long time. In order to speed up the process of research results translated into daily medical practice and health policy, an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design combining the effectiveness research of clinical and implementation research was emerging. This paper introduced the concept, classification and application of effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, to provide references for researchers in this area.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effect of media multitasking on working memory and attention among adolescents. MethodsCNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMbase databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the effect of media multitasking on working memory and attention among adolescents from inception to January 1st, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software. ResultsA total of 16 cross-sectional studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were negative correlations between media multitasking and working memory (Cohen's d=0.40, 95%CI 0.14 to 0.66, P＝0.003), as well as in attention (Cohen's d=1.02, 95%CI 0.58 to 1.47, P<0.001). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that media multitasking has negative impact on working memory and attention. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness of breastfeeding duration and intensity in reducing the risk of overweight or obesity among offspring exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia. MethodsThe PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data, CNKI and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect observational studies on the associations of breastfeeding with the risk of overweight or obesity among offspring exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia from inception to September 25th, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Stata 16.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 12 657 participants from 13 observational studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that breastfeeding could reduce the risk of overweight or obesity among offspring exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia (OR=0.67, 95%CI 0.53 to 0.84, P=0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a protective effect of breastfeeding for both 1-6 months (OR=0.53, 95%CI 0.37 to 0.75, P<0.001) and ≥6 months (OR=0.56, 95%CI 0.46 to 0.69, P<0.001); however, breastfeeding shorter than one month was suggested to increase the risk of overweight or obesity (OR=2.15, 95%CI 1.41 to 3.27, P<0.001). ConclusionAvailable evidence suggests that breastfeeding for more than one month is effective in reducing the risk of overweight or obesity in offspring exposed to intrauterine hyperglycemia, and women with hyperglycemia should be encouraged to breastfeed their offspring for at least 1 month to achieve the effect. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between chronotype and depressive symptoms among adolescents. MethodsCNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the association between adolescent chronotype and depressive symptoms from inception to January 17th, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 12 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was an association between chronotype and depressive symptoms (Fisher’s Z=−0.19, 95%CI −0.21 to −0.17, P<0.001). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that evening-type chronotype may be a risk factor for depressive symptoms among adolescents. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To preliminarily assess the ameliorative effect of Mom’s Good Mood (MGM) on the prevalence of antenatal depression based on a pilot study, and to provide evidence for a scale-up study. Methods This study was conducted in Ma’anshan Maternal and Child Health Center as a pilot study of an implementation study conducted in China called the Perinatal Depression Screening and Management (PDSM) program. In 2019, 1 189 participants (gestational week ≤14+6 weeks) were included in the implementation group. Females were recruited in the first trimester and followed up in the second and third trimesters. At each time point, the participants’ depression status was screened by the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS), and those who were screened as having depression were provided the MGM intervention. In 2020, 1 708 participants who underwent screening with the EPDS in either the first, second or third trimester at Ma’anshan Maternal and Child Health Center were included in the control group. Mann‒Whitney U test, Chi-square, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to compare the EPDS scores and depression prevalence between the control and implementation groups to assess the ameliorative effect of MGM (screening and intervention) on antenatal depression. Results In the first trimester, there were no statistically significant differences in EPDS scores or depression prevalence between the two groups (P>0.05). In the second and third trimesters, both the EPDS scores and depression prevalence of the implementation group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After adjusting for confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that the risks of depression in the implementation group in both the second and third trimesters were lower than those in the control group (ORsecond trimester=0.55, 95%CI 0.37 to 0.81, P=0.003; ORthird trimester=0.51, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.74, P<0.001). Conclusion Implementation of the MGM based on the primary care system can effectively reduce the prevalence of antenatal depression, providing evidence for further scale up.