目的：探讨国产自膨式镍钛记忆合金食管支架在食管、贲门良恶性狭窄及食管瘘中的临床应用并观察疗效。方法:收集我院2005年11月～2008年8月采用胃镜辅助置入镍钛记忆合金食管支架的患者108例，其中男90例，女18例，年龄37~88岁；包括食管癌性狭窄41例，贲门癌性狭窄5例，放疗后狭窄1例，肺癌压迫致食管狭窄1例，食管、贲门癌术后吻合口顽固性狭窄21例，食管癌术后复发致狭窄6例，食管瘘33例。结果：108例患者共置入食管支架116枚，一次性置入成功率100%，置入后患者吞咽梗阻的症状有不同程度的改善，呛咳的症状基本消失。结论：食管支架置入操作简单、安全，成功率高，是治疗食管良恶性狭窄及封堵瘘口的有效方法。
The esophageal disease is a major clinical disease. The esophageal stent has extensive clinical applications in the treatment of esophageal diseases. However, the clinical application of esophageal stent is limited, because there are lots of complications after implantation of esophageal stent. Biodegradable esophageal stent has two advantages: biodegradability and good histocompatibility. It is expected to solve a variety of complications of esophageal stent and provide a new choice for the treatment of esophageal diseases. Standardized esophageal stents are not fully applicable to all patients. The application of 3D printing technology in the manufacture of biodegradable esophageal stent can realize the individualized treatment of esophageal stent. And meanwhile, the 3D printing technology can reduce the manufacturing cost of the stent. This review aimed to summarize and discuss the application of esophageal stent, the current research status and prospect of biodegradable esophageal stent and the prospect of 3D printing technology in degradable esophageal stent, hoping to provide evidence and perspectives for the research of biodegradable esophageal stent.