Objective To investigate the role of β-catenin gene in breast tumorigenesis by detecting mutation and expression of β-catenin gene in breast hyperplasia and breast cancer. Methods Mutation and expression of β-catenin gene in 42 breast cancer, 15 simple hyperplasia and 15 atypical hyperplasia were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism and immunohistochemistry. Results Normal expression of β-catenin occurred in tissue of breast simple hyperplasia. The rate of abnormal expression of β-catenin in tissue of breast atypical hyperplasia and breast cancer were 26.7% （4/15） and 59.5% （25/42）, respectively, which were higher than that of simple hyherplasia tissue (P＜0.05). And there was a markedly difference between the atypical hyperplasia tissue and breast cancer tissue (P＜0.05). Mutation of β-catenin gene wasn’t detected in this three kinds of tissues. Conclusion Abnormal expression of β-catenin plays an important role in human breast tumorigenesis, reason of abnormal expression of β-catenin isn’t mutation of β-catenin gene. Expression of β-catenin can be regulated by other mechanisms.
目的 总结颈动脉体瘤的诊断和外科手术治疗的经验。 方法 分析我院1991年9月至2009年2月期间手术治疗的16例颈动脉体瘤患者的临床资料。 结果 术前均行彩色多普勒超声检查，9例行CT检查，6例行数字减影血管造影检查。3例首诊时误诊为其他疾病。11例行单纯瘤体切除； 5例采用大隐静脉行颈动脉重建。术后1例出现声音嘶哑，1例出现伸舌右偏，1例出现呼吸困难。10例获得7个月～15年（平均67个月）随访，未见复发和转移。 结论 临床医师应提高对颈动脉体瘤的认识,注意选择合适的检查方法以免误诊，外科手术切除是首选的治疗措施，大隐静脉重建颈动脉是一种较安全、有效的治疗方法。
目的 探讨肢体假性动脉瘤的病因、发病机理以及手术方式的选择，评价各种手术的治疗效果，以提高对假性动脉瘤的诊治水平。方法 30例假性动脉瘤患者（股动脉18例，腘动脉7例，肱动脉2例，桡动脉3例），其中8例为感染或破裂性假性动脉瘤，1例肢体坏死。30例患者均行外科手术治疗,其中11例行假性动脉瘤破口修补术，2例行股动脉结扎术，2例行血管端端吻合术，8例行自体大隐静脉移植术，6例行人工血管移植术，1例行截肢术。结果 30例患者术后恢复顺利，除1例行下肢截肢术外，其余29例术后效果良好。随访7个月～8年,平均(4.4±2.3）年； 行人工血管移植术者4例移植段发生血栓，经溶栓治疗后好转，其余血供状况良好。结论 外科手术治疗肢体假性动脉瘤是一种有效的方法。
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo detect expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin in breast cancer and analyze the relationship between those expressions and biological behaviors of breast cancer. MethodsFifty-four female patients with breast cancer received modified -radical -mastectomy or radical mastectomy in our department from August 1998 to March 1999. Their ages ranged from 30 years to 76 years and the postoperative follow-up time ranged from 6 to 67 months. Sixteen patients died during their follow-up time. The expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin in specimens of 54 breast carcinomas and 21 normal breast tissues around tumor were measured by immunohistochemical method. Results In normal breast tissues, E-cadherin and α-catenin were expressed on cell membrance of ductal and acinic cells. No abnormal expressions were found in normal breast tissues. The abnormal expression rates of E-cadherin and α-catenin in breast cancer were 51.9% and 63.0% respectively. Abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin were significantly correlated with histological grade and proliferative grade. Abnormal expression of α-catenin was significantly correlated with TNM staging, axillary lymph node metastasis and postoperative distant metastasis. Abnormal expression of Ecadherin was positively correlated with expression of HER-2. COX multiple factor analysis suggested that neither E-cadherin nor α-catenin expression was an independent prognostic indicator of breast cancer. ConclusionAbnormal expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin frequently occur in breast cancer. Abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and α-catenin are correlated with disturbance of proliferation and differentiation of breast cancer and its metastasis.