【摘要】 目的 评价高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（highly active antiretroviral therapy，HAART）对艾滋病患者的疗效，并观察其耐药情况。 方法 2008年11月，对23例接受免费HAART治疗1~3年的艾滋病患者的HIV-RNA病毒载量、HIV-1耐药、CD4+T淋巴细胞绝对计数、常规生化检测结果进行分析。 结果 23例艾滋病患者在HAART治疗1~3年后有6例（26.1%）患者HIV-RNA载量在水平线以下，17例（73.9%）HIV-RNA载量未达到检测线以下。5例患者（21.7%）的HIV-1发生了耐药，服药依从性良好的患者仅9例（39.1%）。 结论 HAART对艾滋病患者的疗效较差、耐药率高、服药依从性差。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in treating HIV, and observe the resistance of HAART in AIDS patients. Methods Twenty-three HIV patients receiving free HAART for one to three years were investigated. The plasma viral load, drug resistance to HIV-1, CD4+ T cell count were tested and routine laboratory examinations were performed in our study. Results After one to fhnee-year HAART treatment, HIV viral load of six patients (26.1%) declined to the undetectable level, while the viral load of 17 patients (73.9%) kept at a high level. Resistance to HIV-1 occurred in five cases (21.7%). Only nine patients (39.1%) had good treatment compliance. Conclusion HAART has a poor therapeutic effect on patients with HIV/AIDS with a high rate of drug resistance and poor treatment compliance.