Objective To learn the hotspots of study in ischemic optic neuropathy (ION). Methods Literature on ION published in January 2000 to July 2012 was identified in Pubmed database. MeSH terms that frequently appeared were identified and co-word analysis was carried out by cluster analysis. Then a network was drawn using social network analysis. Results A total of 1045 papers were included. The United States, England, Germany, France and Netherlands together accounted for 71.53% (748) of the articles. There were 28 high-frequency MeSH terms and hot topics clustered into four fields. The appearance frequency of MeSH showed that most research focused on: (1)postoperative or arteritic ION; (2)epidemiology, pathology and diagnosis of ION; (3)pathophysiology and therapy of ION; (4) chemically induced ION. Conclusion The international main research focus of ION includes four fields, which may provide reference or scholars both in scientific research and clinical research.
Objective To invesitigate the features of imaging of CT with high resolution (HRCT) in fracture of optic canal, and evaluate the clinical application of HRCT. Methods A total of 22 patients with facture of optic canal underwent thin layer (1.5 mm) CT scanning in axial and coronal positions. The features of the image of fractures of optic canal were analyzed. Results There were 15 cases (68.2%) of fractures in the inner wall, 1 (4.5%) in the lateral wall, 1(4.5%) in the superior wall, 2 (9.1%）in the inferior wall, and 3 (13.6%) were with the compound fracture. The direct sign of the fracture of optic canal was the osseous successional discontinuity of the wall of optic canal, including 5 types: concave (27.3%), lineal(22.7%), comminuted(27.3%), inlaid(9.1%), and mixed (13.6%) type. The indirect signs were hemorrhage of sphenoidal sinus (95.5%),hemorrhage of ethmoid sinus(50%),and optic nerve thickening(36.4%)etc. Conclusions HRCT may clearly exhibit the positions and types of the fracture of optic canal, and it can provide reliable information for the clinical diagnosis and selection of manners of the treatment. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006,22:387-389)
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by episodes of immune-mediated demyelination and axonal damage mainly involving optic nerves and spinal cord. Neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis (NMO-ON) is a common neuro-ophthalmic disease which often results in permanent blindness. The discovery of aquaporin 4 antibodies confirms that neuromyelitis optica is a distinct disease entity different from multiple sclerosis. In patients with NMO-ON, the correct therapeutic approach has to recognize two distinct clinical situations: treatment of the acute attacks and prevention of the relapses. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of NMOSD, new treatments are emerging in different targets of the disease. This review gives an update of latest treatment of NMO-ON, emphasizing both current situation and future immunotherapy strategies.