目的 探讨如何预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中的胆管损伤。方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2008年12月期间在我院行LC的657例患者的临床资料，总结预防胆管损伤的经验。结果 651例患者完成LC，中转开腹手术6例(0.91%)，其中1例(0.15%)因Calot三角致密粘连误伤胆总管。术后胆囊床毛细胆管渗漏2例，每日经腹腔引流管引出胆汁性液体20～50 ml，7～10 d 治愈出院。术后578例（包括中转开腹6例）患者获随访,随访率为87.98%，随访时间为2～24个月, 平均14个月。23例患者剑突下隐痛, 4个月内均自行消失，其余患者均未发现并发症。结论 严格掌握手术适应证、正确仔细地处理Calot三角和适时中转开腹是预防LC术中胆管损伤的关键。
目的探讨保留肝动脉血供的肝血流阻断对肝切除术失血量和肝功能的影响。 方法回顾性分析了2007年9月至2012年12月期间上海交通大学医学院附属第三人民医院118例行肝切除术患者的临床资料，其中68例行保留肝动脉血供的肝血流阻断（保留组），50例采用Pringl法行肝门阻断（阻断组），比较2组的手术失血量、接受输血病例的比例、手术并发症以及术后肝功能恢复情况。 结果全组无围手术期死亡病例。保留组患者的平均手术时间、术中失血量、接受输血患者的比例、术后肠道功能恢复时间以及术后并发症发生率与阻断组相比差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；术后第1天及第5天，谷丙转氨酶及谷草转氨酶水平保留组明显低于阻断组（P＜0.05）。 结论保留肝动脉血供的肝血流阻断法能有效控制肝断面出血，明显保护了肝脏功能，且并未延长手术时间。
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of intraabdominal complications (IACs), pancreatic fistula (PF), and operative death after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), and to provide a theoretical basis in reducing the rates of them. MethodsClinical data of 78 patients who underwent standard PD surgery in The Third People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from Jun. 2003 to Nov. 2011 were collected to analyze the influence factors of IACs, PF, and operative death. ResultsThere were 29 cases suffered IACs (13 cases of PF included), and 6 case died during 1 month after operation. Univariate analysis results showed that IACs and PF occurred more often in patients with soft friable pancreas, diameter of main pancreatic duct less than 3 mm, preoperative biliary drainage, no pancreatic duct stenting, and without employment of somatostatin (P < 0.05), no influence factor was found to be related to operative death. Multivariate analysis results showed that patients with no pancreatic duct stenting (OR=1.867, P=0.000), soft texture of remnant stump (OR=1.356, P=0.046), and diameter of main pancreatic duct less than 3 mm (OR=2.874, P=0.015) suffered more IACs; PF was more frequent in patient with no pancreatic duct stenting (OR=1.672, P=0.030), soft texture of remnant stump (OR=1.946, P=0.042), and diameter of main pancreatic duct less than 3 mm (OR=1.782, P=0.002);no independent factor was found to have relationship with operative death. ConclusionsSoft texture of remnant stump, diameter of main pancreatic duct less than 3 mm, and no pancreatic duct stenting are independent risk factors that should be considered in indications for PD surgery.
ObjectiveTo compare difference of therapeutic effects between endoscopic frequency-doubled double pulse neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet (FREDDY) laser and endoscopic traditional mechanical lithotripsy in treatment of common bile duct stones (CBDs).MethodsThe clinical data of 207 patients with CBDs treated with ERCP and lithotripsy in the Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from March 2009 to March 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, of which 71 cases treated by FREDDY (FREDDY group) and 136 cases treated by mechanical lithotripsy (mechanical group). The success rate of stone removal, operation time, postoperative hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, consumables cost, and complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the general condition and the preoperative clinical data between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no perioperative death in the two groups. There were no significant differences in terms of the postoperative routine laboratory biochemical indexes, consumables cost, hospitalization cost, and rates of the bleeding, postoperative pancreatitis, perforation and biliary tract infection between the two groups (P>0.05). Although the operation time of the FREDDY group was significantly longer than that of the mechanical group (P<0.05), the success rate of stone removal was significantly higher, the postoperative hospitalization time was shorter, the total complications rate and stone residual rate were significantly lower in the FREDDY group as compared with the mechanical group (P<0.05).ConclusionEndoscopic FREDDY laser lithotripsy has a better curative effect and less complications in treatment of large CBDs than mechanical lithotripsy, but operation time needs further to be improved.