ObjectiveTo get a picture of the distribution of aminoglycoside-resistant genes in pseudomonas aeruginosa in China. MethodsWe electronically searched CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data for studies that reported aminoglycoside-resistant genes in pseudomonas aeruginosa in China from inception to December 2012. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and extracted data. Then statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software. ResultsA total of 1 144 strains of aminoglycoside-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa from 10 provinces/cities were included. The positive rates of aac(3')-I, aac(3')-Ⅱ, aac(6')-I, aac(6')-Ⅱ, ant(2")-I, ant(3")-I and aph(3')-VI of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme genes were 13.3%, 40.1%, 21.6%, 40.3%, 38.1%, 23.7% and 2.9%, respectively to the north of Huai River, while the rates were 3.2%, 20.2%, 15.9%, 37.6%, 28.3%, 28.5% and 9.1%, respectively to the south of Huai River. The positive rates of rmtA, rmtB and armA of 16S rRNA methylases genes were 20.4%, 19.4% and 0.7%, respectively, while other 16S rRNA methylases genes were not found. ConclusionIn China, aminoglycoside modifying enzyme is the primary mechanism of pseudomonas aeruginosa aminoglycoside-resistant drugs, while 16S rRNA methylation enzyme mechanism is secondary.