ObjectiveTo assess the prognosis of asymptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis with normal lung function. MethodsEighty-two patients with asymptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis,diagnosed in Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases between July 2007 and November 2013,were followed for 24 months.The clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results31.7% of the patients showed spontaneous remission without therapy,whereas 39.0% deteriorated and 29.3% remain stable.There was no significant difference between the remission group and the progressive sarcoidosis group with regard to FEV1.17.1% of patients in the progressive sarcoidosis group had a decline in FEV1,while 73.8% had a reduced FVC,and 28.3% had a reduced DLCO.At the beginning of observation,TNF-α level was higher in the progressive sarcoidosis group compared with the remission group and the stable group[(173.5±37.8) μg/mL vs.(102.6±82.7) μg/mL and(131.7±57.9) μg/mL,P<0.05].In the progressive sarcoidosis group,TNF-α at the end time of the observation was higher than that at the beginning[(229.2±76.7) μg/mL vs.(173.5±37.8) μg/mL,P<0.05].The neutrophil in BALF was significantly higher in the progressive sarcoidosis group compared with the remission group[(10.6±4.6)% vs.(8.68±5.2)%,P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the progressive sarcoidosis group and the remission group with regard to CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio and the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) in lung tissue.Non-necrotizing granulomas rate in endobronchial biopsy was 63.6% in the progressive sarcoidosis group,54.9% in the remission group,and 58.4% in the stable group,respectively,without significant difference between three groups(P>0.05) but was significantly different between three groups at the end time of the observation(69.1% vs.12.7% and 36.2%,P<0.05). ConclusionNearly 40% asymptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis are likely to deteriorate.The increase of TNF-α and BALF neutrophils may indicate the progress of sarcoidosis.