ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of surgical treatment on the prognosis of patients with gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (GSRC). MethodsThe clinicopathologic and prognosis data of patients pathologically diagnosed with GSRC from 2000 to 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the impact of surgery on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with GSRC. ResultsA total of 3 457 patients with GSRC were included, including 2 048 cases in the operation group and 1 409 cases in the non-operation group. The propensity-score matching by a 1∶1 nearest neighbour algorithm was conducted to control for confounding baseline differences. There were 802 cases in the operation group and 802 cases in the non-operation group after matching. The OS and CSS curves drawn by Kaplan-Meier method of the operation group were better than those of the non-operation group (χ2=434.3 P<0.001; χ2=412.4, P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the elderly (≥ 60 years old), late AJCC tumor stage (stage Ⅰ as reference), and patients with bone metastasis of GSRC increased the risk of shortening OS and CSS (P<0.05), while patients treated with surgery and chemotherapy decreased the risk of shortening OS and CSS (P<0.05). ConclusionAccording to the analysis results of SEER database in this study, surgical treatment is beneficial to improve the prognosis for patients with GSRC.
ObjectiveTo explore the composition of intestinal microbiota between patients with fixed airflow obstruction asthma, reversible airflow obstruction asthma, and healthy control, and analyze the correlation between key differential bacterial distribution and clinical characteristics. MethodsFifteen patients with fixed airflow obstruction asthma (FAO) and 13 patients with reversible airflow obstruction asthma (RAO) were included, along with 11 matched healthy control subjects. Clinical data were collected, and lung function tests and induced sputum examination were performed. Blood and stool samples were tested to compare the gut microbiota status among the groups, and analyze the relationship between gut microbiota abundance and patients' blood routine, IgE levels, lung function, and induced sputum. Results The dominant bacterial compositions were similar in the three groups, but there were differences in the abundance of some species. Compared to the RAO group, the FAO group showed a significant increase in the genera of Bacteroides and Escherichia coli, while Pseudomonas was significantly decreased. The phylum Firmicutes was negatively correlated with the course of asthma, while the phylum Bacteroidetes and genus Bacteroides were positively correlated with the asthma course. Bacteroidetes was negatively correlated with Pre-BD FEV1/FVC, Pseudomonas was positively correlated with Pre-BD FEV1, Escherichia coli was negatively correlated with Post-BD FEV1/FVC, and Bacteroides was negatively correlated with Post-BD MMEF. The class Actinobacteria and the order Actinomycetales were negatively correlated with peripheral blood EOS%, while the order Enterobacteriales and the family Enterobacteriaceae were positively correlated with peripheral blood IgE levels. Furthermore, Actinobacteria and Actinomycetales were negatively correlated with induced sputum EOS%. Conclusions There are differences in the gut microbiota among patients with fixed airflow obstruction asthma, reversible airflow obstruction asthma, and healthy individuals. Bacteroides and Escherichia coli are enriched in the fixed airflow obstruction asthma group, while the Firmicutes are increased in the reversible airflow obstruction asthma group. These three microbiota may act together on Th2 cell-mediated inflammatory responses, influencing the process of airway remodeling, and thereby interfering with the occurrence of fixed airflow obstruction in asthma.
ObjectiveTo analyze the causal relationship between the intake of cheese or tea and the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). MethodsUsing a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with milk or tea intake were used as instrumental variables. The causal effect of milk or tea intake on the risk of GERD was investigated using the MR Egger method, the weighted median method, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) random-effects model, and the IVW fixed-effects model. Multivariable analysis was conducted using the MR Egger method, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the reliability of the data. ResultsCheese intake could reduce the occurrence of GERD [IVW random-effects model β=–1.010, 95%CI (0.265, 0.502), P<0.05], while tea intake could lead to the occurrence of GERD [IVW random-effects model β=0.288, 95%CI (1.062, 1.673), P<0.05]. ConclusionCheese intake may have a positive causal relationship with reducing the risk of GERD occurrence, while tea intake may have a positive causal relationship with increasing the risk of GERD occurrence.