目的 观察内镜黏膜剥离术（ESD）下治疗早期食管癌的疗效及安全性。 方法 以2009年1月－2012年6月在我院消化内镜中心就诊的患者为研究对象，以内镜黏膜切除术（EMR）为对照，回顾性分析接受ESD和EMR治疗的共75例早期食管癌患者的临床资料，比较两组患者病灶整块切除率、组织学治愈切除率、手术时间及并发症等。 结果 共纳入75例患者，其中41例患者接受ESD治疗，34例接受EMR治疗。ESD和EMR组病灶整块切除率分别为90.2%（37/41）和44.1%（15/34）；治愈切除率分别为78.0%（32/41）和50.0%（17/34），整块切除率（P＜0.001）和治愈切除率（P=0.011）在两组间的分布差异均有统计学意义。ESD组患者手术平均时间（39.5 ± 11.4）min，而EMR组手术平均时间（33.5 ± 18.6）min，但二者之间的差异无统计学意义（P=0.091）。此外，术后延长出血和穿孔等并发症在两组间的分布亦无明显差异。 结论 早期食管癌患者接受ESD治疗可获得更高的整块切除率和组织学治愈切除率。
Objective To investigate the strategy of treatment and prevention of hemorrhage after radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Method Reviewing the related literatures at home and abroad in recent years, to summarize the progress of treatment and prevention of hemorrhage after radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Results We should clear the postoperative bleeding time, extent, cause, and location, to help the clinician to choose the appropriate timing of intervention and treatment. The patients with early hemorrhage and mild degree hemorrhage could be treated conservatively. If patients with severe hemorrhage and hemodynamic disorders, surgical intervention must be decisive. Patients with late hemorrhage would have serious consequences, and these patients should receive interventional or surgical treatment as early as possible. Conclusions For patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma after radical resection, doctors need to do accurate preoperative evaluation, meticulous operation, and intensive management after operation, to reduce the incidence of hemorrhage after radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. If the postoperative hemorrhage occurs, the cause, location, time, and degree of hemorrhage should be clearly defined to facilitate clinicians to make rapid clinical decisions and to develop treatment programs.