ObjectiveTo summarize the recent development of surgical treatment for chronic anal fissure. MethodsThe related literatures on various operation treatment of anal fissure at home and abroad in recent years were collected and reviewed. ResultsThere are many operation treatment methods of anal fissure, includes the closed or open lateral internal sphincterotomy, excision of anal fissure, skin flap plasty, and other operation modes.The different operation methods each has its advantages and disadvantages, but there are a certain percentage of the incidence of complications and the recurrence risk. ConclusionFor what kind of operation method is the most suitable for the treatment of chronic anal fissure is no fixed conclusion.