Objective To detect the anti-colon cancer ability of whole cell lysates pulsed dendritic cell (DC) which acts as an adjuvant. Methods Whole cell lysates of LoVo cells were extracted with freeze thawing method, then the monocyte-derived DC were pulsed with this cellular antigen. Subsequently, the capability of antigen pulsed DC to promote T lymphocytes proliferation and the ability of T lymphocytes to kill LoVo cells were detected by 3H-TdR incorporation and lactate dehydrogenase release methods, respectively. Results The whole cell lysates of LoVo cells pulsed DC significantly stimulated T cells proliferation, and the cytotoxicity abilities of primed T cells to kill LoVo cells were also enhanced. Conclusion Tumor cell lysates which act as the cellular antigen to pulse DC can improve the efficacy of anti-cancer immune response， which provides us an experimental evidence for cancer immunotherapy.
Objective To analyse the clinico-pathological characteristics of young patients with colorectal cancer. Methods From January 1980 to January 2000, among 1 030 patients with colorectal cancer admitted for surgical treatment, 143 (13.9%) patients were ＜35 years of age. The clinicopathological data of these young patients were reviewed and compared with those of patients in the other age groups. Results In this series of young patients, males were predominat. Most of them were with poorly differentiated (37.8%) and muco-cellular (29.6%) adenocarcinoma. The mast common gross morphology was infiltrating type (56.6%) and colloid carcinoma type (31.5%). The majority of patients (89.5%) were in Dukes stage B and stage C. Conclusion The prognosis of young patients with colorectal cancer surgically treated is worse, due to the fact that most of them are in late stage and their cancers are worse in differentiation. To increase the awareness of cancer in the young is important for early diagnosis and treatment and better prognosis.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the occurrence, metastasis, and treatment of colon cancer. MethodsThe literature on the structure and the property of molecular biology of NFκB, the relationship between NFκB and apopotosis, malignant tumor and colon cancer were reviewed.ResultsNFκB had action of antiapopotosis. The occurrence of malignant tumor had close relation with the oncogene by NFκB, the metastasis of malignant tumor was that cell of cancer escaped the killing and supervising of immunity by NFκB. NFκB affected the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer by regulating cmyc, Cox2, ICAM1.Conclusion NFκB has important action in the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer. It will become a new target of treatment.
Objective To investigate the feasibility and indication of synchronous resection of colonic carcinoma and its hepatic metastasis. Methods Radical sigmoidectomy and right hemi-hepatectomy plus left lateral segment resection were performed at the same time in a 71-year-old patient with sigmoid carcinoma and multiple hepatic metastasis. Results The operation lasted for 5 hours and 10 minutes with 300ml blood lost during the procedure. The patient recovered smoothly and was discharged 2 weeks after operation. Follow-up showed no reoccurrence up to the day of this presentation(4 months).Conclusion The operation could be performed safely by experienced surgeon in good-equipment hospital.
Objective To evaluate the significance of serum colon cancer-specific antigen-2 （CCSA-2） in diagnosisof colorectal cancer （CRC）. Methods By using ELISA method， the serum CCSA-2 was measured from 105 patients with 5 kinds of diseases， including CRC， gastric cancer， inguinal hernia， acute appendicitis， and breast cancer， who weretreated in our hospital from Jul. to Dec. in 2008， and 20 health donors were enrolled in addition. The blood samples were collected on 3 days before surgery， but blood samples from patients with acute appendicitis were collected before emergencysurgery， blood samples of health donors were collected on 1 day before ELISA test. Results The level of serum CCSA-2 in CRC patients was （99.27±6.25） μg/L， which was significantly higher than those of other patients and health individuals〔（53.58±2.73） μg/L， t=48.29， P=0.000〕. Serum CCSA-2 at a cutoff of 73.96μg/L had a sensitivity of 100% （95% CI：100%-100%） and a specificity of 100% （95% CI：100%-100%） in separating CRC populations from all other indivi-duals by using receiver operator characteristic curve （ROC） analysis. As compared with carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and CA19-9， the serum CCSA-2 assay （at a cutoff of 73.96μg/L） was significantly more sensitive than CEA and CA19-9 assay in CRC detection （P＜0.01）. Serum CCSA-2 was not related with patients’ gender （P=0.81）， age （P=0.59）， TNM stage （P=0.85）， Dukes stage （P=0.63）， nuclear grade （P=0.44）， as well as expressions of multidrug resistance associated protein （P=0.33）， P-glycoprotein （P=0.72）， and topoisomeraseⅡ（P=0.95）， but higher in patients with colon cancer than those of patients with rectal cancer （P=0.02）. Conclusion Serum CCSA-2 may be a useful biomarker in diagnosis of CRC， and it may be only related to tumorigenesis， but is irrelated to tumor progression and chemotherapy.
Objective The survival data of patients with colon cancer who were treated by laparoscopic-assisted surgery and open surgery three years after operation were analyzed and contrasted, which provided data to support the future treatment. Methods The 217 patients who were cured by laparoscopic-assisted surgery and 193 patients who were cured by open surgery were followed up, and the rates of local recurrence, metastasis, implantative, and survival were contrasted and analyzed. Results Three years after laparoscopic-assisted surgery and open surgery, the disease-free survival rate was 86.2% （187/217） and 85.5% （165/193）, respectively, and the overall survival rate was 91.2% （198/217） and 92.7% （179/193）, respectively, the difference between the two groups was not statistic significance（P＞0.05）. The differences of the rates of local recurrence, metastasis, and implantative between the two groups were not statistic significance（P＞0.05）. Conclusions Laparoscopic-assisted surgery is similar with open surgery in the rates of local recurrence, forward metastasis, and overall survival. So laparoscopic-assisted surgery is a safe and radical curative surgery.
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors influenced postoperative complications of colon cancer. MethodsIn this study, 114 patients diagnosed definitely as colon cancer were enrolled from January 2009 to April 2010 in this hospital. The patients were divided into the complication group and non-complication group according to the occurrence of postoperative complications during hospital day. Furthermore, clinicopathological features and operative parameters of patients were compared in two groups, and independent factors for postoperative complications were identified by multiple regression analysis. ResultsThere were statistical differences between two groups in operation time (t=2.034, P=0.032), diabetes mellitus (χ2=5.920, P=0.015), differentiation degree of tumor (χ2=7.163, P=0.028), hospital stay (χ2=0.411, P=0.026), and ASA grades (χ2=11.585, P=0.009). The morbidity of patients with operative time gt;200 min was significant higher than that ≤100 min (χ2=8.884, P=0.003) and 100-200 min (χ2=7.318, P=0.007). The morbidity of patients with ASA Ⅳ grade was higher than that with ASA Ⅰ grade (χ2=13.426, P=0.000). For tumor differentiation, the morbidity of patients with well-differentiated tumor was higher than that with moderately differentiated tumor (χ2=4.950, P=0.026) and poorly differentiated tumor (χ2=7.476, P=0.006). The hospital stay (P=0.009), age (P=0.024), diabetes mellitus (P=0.018), and ASA grade (P=0.001) were the independent factors for postoperative complications by multivariate regression analysis. ConclusionThe physical quality indexes are the mostly common risk factors of postoperative complications for colon cancer, emphasizing on the high-risk factors and making a targeted and individual treatment plan for each patient are of great important to improve the prognosis.
ObjectiveTo detect 5-FU concentration and investigate the changes of pathology， and Ki-67 protein expression after intraoperative regional chemotherapy (RC) for colon cancer. MethodsAll the patients were randomized into two groups: RC group (n=20), received intraoperational RC with 100 ml physiological saline contained 5-FU (15 mg/kg) and camptothecine (0.06 mg/kg)； control group (n=20), saline alone. The samples from portal vein blood, peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid， and peri-cancerous tissues in RC group were taken to detect the 5-FU concentration by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively at 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60 minutes after treatment. The pathological changes were observed and Ki-67 protein expressions were examined by immunohistochemical staining for all the cancer tissues postoperatively in two groups. ResultsPeak concentration of 5-FU appeared at 2 min after treatment, and decreased gradually. 5-FU concentration in peritoneal fluid was the highest, and the lowest in the peripheral blood (Plt;0.01). In RC group， light karyopyknosis, nuclear swelling, and coagulative necrosis of cancer cells, and light intercellular substance hydropsia, inflammatory cells invasion were observed under light microscopic examination; light vasculitis presented also in five cases. Nuclear swelling, heterochromatin agglutination, perinuclear gap expansion, mitochondrial swelling, endoplasmic reticulum expansion, and Golgi complex expansion were observed with transmission electron microscope. Ki-67 protein expression of colon cance tissues in RC group was lower than that in control group （Plt;0.05）. Conclusions Intraoperative RC for colon cancer may sustain a high concentration of chemotherapy drugs in peritoneal fluid and portal vein blood, and alter histopathological morphology of cancer cells, and suppress Ki-67 protein expression. So, intraoperative RC may play an important role in preventing intraoperative spreading and postoperative recurrence of colon cancer.
Objective To study the feasibility and curative effect of laparoscopic vs. open radical rectectomy and colectomy for colorectal cancer. Methods Sixty-two cases who underwent laparoscopic operation (17， 2， 10， 23， 9 and 1 case underwent radical right colectomy， radical transverse colectomy， radical left colectomy， Dixon， Miles and Hartmann operation respectively) and 78 cases who underwent open operation (17， 4， 11， 27， 18 and 1 case underwent radical right colectomy， radical transverse colectomy， radical left colectomy， Dixon， Miles and Hartmann operation respectively) in our department from Aug. 2001 to Jun. 2008 were included. The clinical data of patients in two groups were compared. Results There were no severe complications and death occurred in both groups and 4 cases in laparoscopic group were converted to open operation during the procedure. The mean operation time of laparoscopic group and open group were (230.6±23.5) min and (145.5±17.6) min respectively, there was a statistical difference between them (P＜0.01). The intra-operative blood loss of laparoscopic group was obviously less than that in open group 〔(135.5±22.5) ml vs. (300.6±34.5) ml， P＜0.01〕. There was no statistical difference of the number of cleared lymph nodes between two groups 〔(11.8±1.5) pieces vs. (13.3±1.7) pieces， Pgt;0.05〕. The length of distal incision margin of rectal anterior resection in laparoscopic group was obviously longer than that in open group 〔(3.1±0.4) cm vs. (2.6±0.3) cm， P＜0.01〕. The gastrointestinal and urinary function of laparoscopic group recovered more quickly than those in open group 〔(2.3±0.7) d vs. (3.6±0.9) d for intake of liquid diet， P＜0.05； (3.5±1.1) d vs. (4.7±1.2) d for intake of solid diet， P＜0.05； (2.3±0.4) d vs. (4.4±1.2) d for duration of urethral catheterization， P＜0.01， respectively〕. The length of hospital stay in laparoscopic group was shorter than that in open group 〔(8.5±0.7) d vs. (12.8±0.9) d， P＜0.01〕. But the cost of hospitalization in laparoscopic group was higher than that in open group 〔(3.14±0.25)×104 yuan vs. (2.02±0.75)×104 yuan， P＜0.05〕. There was no statistical difference of the three-year survival rate between two groups (89.5% vs. 89.1%， Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic radical rectectomy and colectomy for colorectal cancer is feasible and safe with minimal invasiveness.
Objective To investigate the mechanism and clinical significance of vincristine (VCR) inhibiting gastrinproliferation effects on human colon cell line SW480. Methods Effects of VCR on the viable cell count (A value), myoinositol triphosphate (IP3, CPM value), 〔Ca2+〕i and protein kinase C (PKC) activity of human colon cell line SW480 were evaluated in vitro by MTT assay,3Hmyoinositol incorporation, fluorescence measurements and γ-32P-ATP incorporation.Results A value of VCR+PG group was lower than that of PG or control group (Ｐ＜0.01 vs control, Ｐ＜0.01 vs PG). The concentration of IP3 or 〔Ca2+〕i in VCR+PG group was lower than that in PG group (Ｐ＜0.01 vs PG); and the PKC activity of membrane was lower than that in PG group (Ｐ＜0.05 vs PG, Ｐ＞0.05 vs control). Conclusion Effects of vincristine may be through the phosphoinositide signaling pathway on gastrinstimulating cell proliferation in human colon cell line SW480. It has provided an experimental evidence for antisignaling therapy for patients with colon cancer.