Objective To establish a safe, effective, and economic feeder-free culture system which is suitable for the culture of human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (hPESCs) in vitro. Methods hPESCs were cultured with mTeSRTMl medium (control group) and human foreskin fibroblasts-conditional medium (hFFs-CM) (experimental group). The growth status of hPESCs in both feeder-free culture systems were observed with inverted microscope. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) analysis and karyotype analysis were used to study the biological characteristics of hPESCs. The expression of hPESCs pluripotent marker Oct-4 was analyzed by RT-PCR. Differentiation experiment in vivo and in vitro was applied to observe the differentiation potential of hPESCs into three germ layers. Results hPESCs had regular morphology with difficulty in differentiation in both culture systems. No obvious difference was observed in morphology and expansion speed of hPESCs between 2 groups. After subcultured for 15 passages in vitro, hPESCs in 2 groups could maintain normal female diploid karyotype 46, XX and pluripotency. The expression of Oct-4 mRNA was positive in 2 groups. hPESCs in 2 groups could form embryonic body in differentiation experiment in vitro and could develop into teratomas containing three germ layers in nude mice. Conclusion Feeder-free culture system of hFFs-CM can sustain the growth of hPESCs and keep hPESCs undifferentiated state for long. A feeder-free culture system of hPESCs is successfully established, which can support the growth of hPESCs, reduce the contamination from animals, decrease the cost of culture, and satisfy the clinical large-scale application.
ObjectiveTo research on the correlation between modified shock index (MSI), traditional vital sign assessment indexes and the proportion of patients entering resuscitation room through emergency triage, and to discuss its significance and advantages for emergency triage. MethodA total of 22 153 emergency patients between January 1 and May 31, 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. We counted the shock index (SI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), MSI, and evaluated the reference range of MSI, based on which, the patients were divided into groups, and the proportion of patients entering resuscitation room in each group was compared. Based on pulse, systolic blood pressure (SBP), SI, MAP and MSI, the patients were again grouped for comparing the proportion of patients entering resuscitation room, and the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and odds ratio (OR) were also analyzed. ResultsReference value of MSI ranged from 0.34 to 1.70 times/(min·mm Hg) (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa). Positive predictive values:MSI (16.239%) >MAP (6.115%) >pulse (5.746%) >SBP (5.321%) >SI (3.689%). The negative predictive values were all at high levels and similar with each other. OR:MSI (6.138) >MAP (2.498) >pulse (2.431) >SBP (2.117) >SI (1.361). ConclusionsPulse, SBP, SI, MAP, and MSI are correlated with the proportion of patients entering resuscitation room, and can be regarded as guide for emergency triage, among which MSI may be superior to all other indexes.
ObjectiveTo discuss the demands for nursing knowledge among family caregivers for elderly people, in order to provide a basis for nurses to provide effective education for these people. MethodsBetween May and June 2012, a questionnaire which contained the condition of demands for nursing knowledge and the burden of care was used to investigate 1 600 family caregivers for the elderly people. ResultsThe caregivers had a demand for nursing knowledge, which may include the knowledge on medicine, disease and caregiving. The demand for knowledge was correlated with relationship between the caregivers and care recipients, health condition of the caregivers and care burden. ConclusionThe demands for nursing knowledge are higher in those who have spouse and high burden of care, without disease and symptom; we should pay more attention on them and take measures to reduce their burden of care.
Objective To explore the paracrine effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on dexamethasone-induced inhibition of osteoblast function in vitro. Methods The serum free conditioned medium of mouse BMSCs cultured for 24 hours was prepared for spare use. The 3rd passage of MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into 4 groups: the control group (group A), dexamethasone group (group B), dexamethasone+BMSCs conditioned medium (1:1) group (group C), and BMSCs conditioned medium group (group D). After 24 hours of culture, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content was determined; the protein expressions of RUNX2 and Osteocalcin were detected by Western blot; and the gene expressions of collagen type I-α 1 (COL1A1), RUNX2, ALP, and Osteocalcin were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR); alizarin red staining was used to observe calcium nodules formation at 21 days. Results After cultured for 24 hours, ALP content was significantly lower in groups B, C, and D than group A, and in group B than groups C and D (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D (P > 0.05). The relative protein expression of RUNX2 of group B was significantly lower than that of groups A, C, and D (P < 0.05), but difference was not significant between groups A, C, and D (P > 0.05). The relative protein expression of Osteocalcin was significantly lower in group B than groups A, C, and D, in groups A and C than group D (P < 0.05), but difference had no significance between groups A and C (P > 0.05). The relative gene expressions of RUNX2, Osteocalcin, COL1A1, and ALP of groups B, C, and D were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05); the relative gene expressions of RUNX2, Osteocalcin, and ALP were significantly higher in group D than groups B and C, in group C than group B (P < 0.05). The gene expression of COL1A1 was significantly higher in group D than group B (P < 0.05), but difference was not significant between groups B and C, and between groups C and D (P > 0.05). The cells of group A all died at 6 days after culture; at 21 days, the calcium no dule staining was positive by alizarin red in groups B, C and D, and the degree of the staining gradually increased from groups B to D. Conclusion BMSCs conditioned medium can alleviate the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on osteoblasts function.
With the increasing application of medical examination in clinical diagnosis and treatment, the contradiction between the diversified demands of medical examination and the shortage of resources has gradually become prominent, and it is extremely urgent to establish the control mechanism of medical examination. This paper summarizes the present situation of medical examination and its control mechanism, sorts out the basic conditions for establishing a medical examination control mechanism from the aspect of establishing the medical examination standards of rationality, perfecting the supervision system and promoting the reform of supporting systems, and puts forward main obstacles to establishing a medical examination control mechanism. It is expected to provide a reference policy basis for the establishment of the medical examination control mechanism, improving the rational use of medical resources, and promoting the development of medical examination.