Objective To get known the existing problems in rural primary physicians training in Gansu province, so as to explore an appropriate training mode for Gansu province. Methods This study conducted a comprehensive analysis by combining literature analysis, on-site survey and interview. Such databases as CNKI, VIP and CBM were searched to include literature published before November 2011, and the references of the included literature were also retrieved. The qualitative analysis was performed after assessing the methodological quality of the included literature according to self-designed criteria. Additionally, the rural primary hospitals in Gansu province were classified according to their geographical position and economic development level, total 10 township hospitals were randomly selected by cluster sampling, and the following stuffs participated various trainings in past 3 years were on-site-investigated: clinical doctors, nurses, medical technicians, and medical administrators, in aspects of training time, place, contents, modes, and effects. Results The existing problems in primary physicians training modes in Gansu were as follows: uneven training levels, lack of targeted contents, neglect of skill training and process management, and absence of quality assessment of training processes and effects. Conclusion The training modes require that: a) specific plans and schemes; b) unified organization to integrate educational resources effectively; c) reasonable arrangement of implementation process, and d) innovation of training methods and contents to fully play the role of general hospitals and universities; and well control and feedback to promote the integration and perfection of training modes.
Objective To review published literature on telemedicine in China using qualitative analysis. Methods Such databases as CBM, VIP, CNKI, and CSSCI were electronically and comprehensively searched for clinical studies related to telemedicine from inception to March 2013. References of the included studies were also retrieved. Two reviewers independently identified the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. Then, qualitative analysis was performed in aspects of the application fields, range, and effects of the included studies. Result Finally, 19 studies were eligible for the analysis, including 16 quasi-randomized controlled trials and 3 observational studies. According to methodological evaluation standards (JBI, 2005), among 16 quasi-randomized controlled trials, 12 were of medium quality and four were of low quality; and 3 observational studies were all of low quality. The results of qualitative analysis showed that, literature on telemedicine had increased by year since 1995. However, the literature on relevant research of telemedicine had been published since 2002. The number of literature increased evenly and sporadically in journals. According to the classification of the application fields of telemedicine, 15 (80%) related to remote monitoring, especially related to remote fetal monitoring, 4 (21%) were remote consultation, and 3 (16%) were remote treatment. The results of 19 studies showed that, telemedicine had better effects than traditional medicine. Conclusion In China, literature related to telemedicine increases by year but the quality of them are low. High quality studies are further needed. The distribution of the application fields of telemedicine is uneven, most of which focuses on remote monitoring. The quality of research is low and need high-quality research in future. The therapeutic effects of telemedicine are better with accurate monitoring data and convenience to patients..
Objective To investigate the health technology assessment reports, analyze publication characteristics and report quality, and explore hot topics in health technology assessment. Methods Web of Science and CNKI databases were searched to collect complete health technology assessment reports from inception to January 2023. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the publication journals, countries, number of authors, assessment types and assessment contents of the assessment reports. The report quality was assessed based on International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) report criteria (2007 edition). VOSviewer 1.6.11 was used to analyze keywords clustering. Results A total of 216 papers were included, with 158 published by Chinese authors, and a rapid growth trend in the number of reports over past four years. The rate of reports on health technology social adaptability assessment was only 17.13%. Among the Chinese reports, 25 were general health technology assessments, 35 were rapid assessments, and 3 were mini assessments. Among the English reports, 4 were rapid assessments, and 54 were regular healthcare technology assessments. For the 14 items in the INAHTA reporting criteria, the reporting rates were high for the brief summary (98.61%), problem description (94.91%), and results discussion entries (97.69%). However, the reporting rates were low for criteria such as personnel responsibilities, conflict of interest statements, and peer review statements, at 31.94%, 19.44%, and 3.24% respectively. English literature generally exhibited higher report quality. Conclusion In recent years, the volume of health technology assessment reports in China has been increasing, with developments in assessment types and application fields. However, there are also problems with standardization of reporting.
It is a complex and time-consuming process to rate the certainty (quality) of evidence from network meta-analysis. This paper aims to introduce a web application for rating the certainty of network meta-analysis-the CINeMA. CINeMA is based on GRADE framework and contribution matrix of network meta-analysis, which considers 6 domains including within-study bias, across-studies bias, indirectness, imprecision, heterogeneity, and incoherence.