ObjectiveTo systematically review vitamin D nutritional status among children and adolescents in China.MethodsCNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and PubMed databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies on vitamin D nutritional status among children and adolescents in China from inception to September, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 11.0 software.ResultsA total of 23 cross-sectional studies involving 38 047 total sample size were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that the combined vitamin D deficiency rate was 27.9% (95%CI 21.9% to 33.8%), and the inadequate rate was 31.6% (95%CI 25.7% to 37.6%).Subgroup analysis showed that vitamin D deficiency rate of females was higher than that of males (25.3% vs. 22.5%). The vitamin D deficiency rate of children aged 10 to 18 was higher than those aged 6 to 9 (44.9% vs. 32.9%). The vitamin D deficiency rate of children in the north was higher than that in south (36.1% vs. 14.8%). The vitamin D deficiency rate from 2015 to 2018 was higher than that from 2011 to 2014 (34.9% vs. 17.6%). In addition, the vitamin D deficiency rate ofurban children was higher than that of rural children (29.9% vs. 24.9%).ConclusionsThe incidence of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents is high in China. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.