ObjectiveTo survey and analyze the trend of congenital heart disease (CHD) of regions distribution and medical payment model in Children's Hospital of Gansu Province over the past 11 years, and to provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment strategies for CHD children. MethodsMedical records of the CHD children hospitalized in the Children's Hospital of Gansu Province from 2001 to 2011 were completely collected. Regional distribution, year and other basic information of them were extracted. Data was then analyzed using the SPSS 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 591 CHD children were included. Most of them came from Middle-Long, accounting for 68.87%; while the number of CHD children in the region of East-Long and He-xi had a tendency of growth by year, with average growth speed of 189.42% and 27.62%, respectively. Most of them came from the region which is economic class Ⅲ, accounting for 35.64% (highest) with average growth speed (203.45%). Most of the treatment costs were self-supported before 2005, and health insurance and other social aids were consistently increasing after 2005. Most of the institutions for initial visit were town-level hospitals, accounting for 55.50%, and with average growth speed of 170.18%. ConclusionThe medical demand of CHD children in less-developed regions in Gansu province increases year by year. Government-guided healthcare system should be established and improved so as to basically guarantee the prevention and treatment of CHD in less-developed regions.