ObjectiveTo explore the effect of a new rehabilitation intervention model based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Healthy (ICF) concept in perioperative treatment on patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).MethodsFrom June 2017 to January 2019, AIS patients with Cobb angle below 80° were randomly divided into experimental group and control group by the method of randomized block design. The patients in the control group received routine perioperative rehabilitation intervention, while the patients in the experimental group received rehabilitation mode intervention based on ICF concept. The therapeutic effect of the two groups including functional and activity dimensions was observed.ResultsA total of 40 patients were included, with 20 in each group. Two patients withdrew the control group. On the fourth day after surgery, the total score of Modified Barthel Index (50.55±8.87 vs. 18.99±5.63; t=13.264, P<0.001) and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) (3.68±0.13 vs. 3.27±0.11; t=10.355, P<0.001) in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group. In the SRS-22 scores, statistically significant differences in comparison of function (2.79±0.29 vs. 1.90±0.48; t=6.884, P<0.001), and self image (3.91±0.27 vs. 3.38±0.32; t=5.539, P<0.001) between the two groups were found. There was no statistically significant difference in pain indicators and muscle strength between the two groups in the two postoperative evaluations (P>0.05). ConclusionsThe treatment based on the concept of ICF can improve the daily living ability in the short term with the safe and acceptable premise. The concept of stimulating patient autonomy, improving patient independence, and promoting social treatment, may improve the overall state of the patients.