Objective To assess the safety of intravenous infusion with self-made perfluorocarbon emulsion (PFE) in rats.Methods 35 Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control group and six PFE groups (n=5 in each group).The control group was intravenous injected with normal saline and six PFE groups with PFE.Blood samples were obtained from the PFE groups 5 min after injection via vena orbitalis for perfluorocarbon (PFC) measurement.The control group were sacrificed at 2 hours after injection，and the six PFE groups were respectively killed at 2 h，4 h，6 h，24 h，48 h and 10 d after injection.The blood levels of PFC，PaO2，GPT，GOT，BUN and Cr were measured.Pathological changes of lung，liver and kidney were also observed.Results All rats were in good health state after PFE intravenous injection with no obvious pathological changes in liver and kidney.PFC was wide distributed throughout the pulmonary alveoli and capillaries.The levels of GPT and GOT were higher in the PFC groups at 2，4，6 and 24 h than which in the control group (all Plt;0.05)，but there were no significant difference between the PFE 10 d group and the control group.The levels of BUN and Cr had no remarkably differences in all groups.Blood PFC concentrations were (20±1.8)mg/mL，(1.8±0.7)mg/mL，(1.5±0.6)mg/mL，(1.2±0.4)mg/mL，(0.5±0.2)mg/mL，(0.2±0.03)mg/mL，0 mg/mL in the PFE groups respectively at 5 min，2 h，4 h，6 h，24 h，48 h，10 d after injection.PaO2 of the PFE 2 h group was significant higher than which in the control group [(119.2±8.6)mm Hg vs (99.6±4.7)mm Hg，Plt;0.05].Conclusion Intravenous injection with PFE (10 mL/kg) can enhance PaO2 with good safety and no obvious influence on pathology of lung，liver and kidney，so may be used for the treatment study of acute lung injury.
Objective To compare the effects of oxygen therapy and local pressurization in alleviating plateau hypoxia at high altitude. Methods Forty-five healthy male soldiers were investigated at an altitude of 3992 meters. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups, ie. an oxygen inhalation group, a single-soldier oxygen increasing respirator ( SOIR) group and a BiPAP group. The oxygen inhalation group was treated with oxygen inhalation via nasal catheter at 2 L/ min. SOIR was used to assist breath in the SOIR group. The BiPAP group were treated with bi-level positive airway pressure ventilation, with IPAP of 10 cm H2O and EPAP of 4 cmH2 O. PaO2, PaCO2, SpO2 and heart rate were measured before and 30 minutes after the treatment. Results There were continuous increase of PaO2 from ( 53. 30 ±4. 88) mm Hg to( 58. 58 ±5. 05) mm Hg and ( 54. 43 ±3. 01) mm Hg to ( 91. 36 ±10. 99) mm Hg after BiPAP ventilation and oxygen inhalation, respectively ( both P lt; 0. 01) . However, the PaO2 of the SOIR group was decreased from( 56. 00 ±5. 75) mm Hg to ( 50. 82 ±5. 40) mm Hg( P lt; 0. 05 ) . In the other hand, the PaCO2 was increased from ( 30. 41 ±1. 51) mmHg to ( 32. 56 ±2. 98) mm Hg in the oxygen inhalation group ( P lt; 0. 05) , declined from( 28. 74 ±2. 91) mm Hg to ( 25. 82 ±4. 35) mm Hg in the BiPAP group( P lt;0. 05) ,and didn’t change significantly from( 28. 65 ±2. 78) mm Hg to ( 29. 75 ±3. 89) mmHg in the SOIR group ( P gt;0. 05) . Conclusions Both BiPAP ventilation and oxygen inhalation can alleviate plateau hypoxia by improving PaO2 at 3992 meter altitude while SOIR has no significant effect.