目的 总结束胸后16排螺旋CT扫描在诊断危重小儿气管及支气管异物中的作用。 方法 对2011年9月－2012年2月4例气管支气管异物危重患儿用自制束缚带束胸后行CT扫描，扫描后所得图像与2009年5月－2011年8月8例既往工作中未行束胸CT扫描危重患儿气管支气管异物图像进行比较（其中1例为同一患儿行常规及束胸后CT检查），并进行图像后处理，包括多平面重建、气管支气管树重建、CT仿真内窥镜；并观察束胸检查前后患儿血氧饱和度（SpO2）变化情况；其中1例进行束胸前后胸廓最大径线比较。 结果 束胸后CT扫描能明显降低呼吸运动伪影，对气管支气管异物的发现率有明显提高；检查前后患儿SpO2未见明显变化；1例束胸后胸廓最大径线缩小0.8 cm。 结论 束胸后16层螺旋CT扫描能最大限度的避免呼吸运动伪影，使得气管支气管异物能够快速准确诊断，为后期实施适时治疗提供有效影像资料，进而降低该病的并发症及病死率，并且在束胸检查前后患儿SpO2无明显变化。
Objective To discuss the clinical application value of CT angiography (CTA) in traumatic pelvic artery pseudoaneurysm and dissecting aneurysm. Methods A total of 8 patients including 7 with traumatic pelvic artery pseudoaneurysm and 1 with dissecting aneurysm diagnosed by CTA in Suining Central Hospital from August 2012 to January 2016 were enrolled in this study, in whom 6 patients with traumatic pseudoaneurysm treated with embolotherapy were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Image post-processing techniques of CTA including curve planar reformation, multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering were used. Results In the seven patients diagnosed as solitary traumatic pelvic artery pseudoaneurysm by CTA, 3 had superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm, 2 had inferior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm, and 2 had external iliac artery pseudoaneurysm. The 7 pseudoaneurysms were pouch-shaped with the short diameters ranged from 9 to 64 mm and the long diameters ranged from 11 to 78 mm. Six locations of artery laceration were displayed clearly, thereinto 1 case was combined with arteriovenous fistula. In addition, a vessel occlusion caused by the limitation of right external iliac artery dissecting aneurysm and the thrombosis in left side of the external iliac artery was found in 1 case. Conclusions As a non-invasive diagnostic technique, CTA can accurately diagnose traumatic pelvic artery pseudoaneurysm and dissecting aneurysm, clearly display the location relationship of pseudoaneurysm and its parent artery, and find whether arteriovenous fistula exists. Beyond that, the true and false lumen of dissecting aneurysm can be precisely identified by this technique. CTA can provide important image information for formulating individual treatment plan.