Rare diseases are a kind of diseases with very low incidence and prevalence. They are difficult to diagnose, treat and use drugs. Multi-disciplinary team (MDT) has become the main mode of modern medical diagnosis and treatment. Many hospitals at home and abroad have begun to apply MDT in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases. This paper introduces the MDT mode of rare diseases at home and abroad, focusing on the mode, work flow and content of the MDT service system for rare diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, and discusses the problems and optimization suggestions of the current construction of the MDT service system for rare diseases. The purpose is to provide some reference for the establishment of MDT model of rare diseases in China.
Rare diseases have problems with low number of cases, low social awareness, and long time of diagnosis. “Targeted doctor” is the first step to help rare disease patients start the correct path of diagnosis and treatment. This article introduces the design of a decision-making engine for patients with rare diseases by constructing a knowledge graph of rare diseases and experts, using an intelligent question-and-answer system, and combining big data and artificial intelligence methods. This engine can perform rare disease pre-screening based on patient portraits and other information, and recommend the best visiting route to patients, thereby improving the efficiency of rare disease patients’ medical service system and enhancing the decision-making ability of rare diseases.
In 2021, West China Hospital of Sichuan University established a rare disease diagnosis and treatment and research center. The center adopts the rare disease management model of “one cohesion + four integration”, condenses the core of management, integrates clinical resources, regional alliance resources, training resources and research resources, and explores solutions for all-round services for patients with rare diseases. This article aims to explore the rare disease management model of regional central hospitals and introduces the above-mentioned rare disease management model. The purpose of this article is to promote this model, focus on the advantages of clinical departments and research institutes (offices), increase regional integration, give play to the synergy of regional alliances in clinical diagnosis and treatment and personnel training, and use international cooperation as an opportunity to promote breakthroughs in new drugs and technologies for rare diseases to benefit patients with rare diseases in China.
At present, there are some problems in the post-diagnosis service of rare diseases, such as immature service path, imperfect health supervision and discontinuous to post-diagnosis data flows. How to properly solve these problems and find a way to promote the post-diagnosis service of rare diseases is the focus now. Based on the actual situation of diagnosis and treatment of patients with rare diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and literature. This paper finds that making full use of the method of intelligent continuous management, establishing a continuous health management system, and integrating rare disease data information through intelligent health management platform and internet medical treatment can alleviate the shortage of medical resources and solve the dilemma of post-diagnosis service of rare diseases. At the same time, this paper analyzes the dilemma of post-diagnosis services of rare diseases and the feasible countermeasures of intelligent medical assistance management, and explores the management of rare diseases led by tertiary hospitals and joint built by medical units of the hospital alliance, in response to the national graded diagnosis and treatment policy, so as to provide all-round health protection for patients with rare diseases for reference and learning.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has updated and released the latest content of NCCN guidelines version 1. 2023 thymomas and thymic carcinomas (known as "guidelines"). The guideline sets standards for the diagnosis and treatment of thymoma and thymic carcinoma based on high quality clinical evidence and the latest advances in research. There have been some updates and revisions in the latest two versions of the guidelines, mainly focusing on the principles of radiotherapy, the principles of systematic therapy, multidisciplinary participation and the improvement of some footnotes, compared with the first version of the guidelines in 2022. In this paper, the contents of the new guideline will be interpreted in order to provide reference for the work of thymoma and thymic carcinoma in our country at the present stage.