We reviewed the research progress of anesthesia in hepatic echinococcosis surgery in recent years, including the key technologies, practical experience, and research progress of anesthesia in hepatic echinococcosis surgery, so as to guide clinical practice. Firstly, in the selection of anesthesia, general anesthesia combined with epidural block or regional nerve block was recommended to improve surgical safety and patient comfort. At the same time, the importance of intraoperative continuous monitoring, including key indicators such as hemodynamics and respiratory function, was emphasized, and transesophageal echocardiography and brain function monitoring techniques were introduced to optimize anesthesia management. Finally, the concept of enhancend recovery after surgery was promoted, and measures such as preoperative optimization, intraoperative heat preservation, refined fluid management, and postoperative analgesic management were implemented to promote the rapid recovery of patients. At the same time, some challenges and unsolved problems in the current research also were pointed out, such as complex case evaluation, complication prevention, and teamwork, etc., which need to be further studied in the future to optimize the anesthesia strategy.