ObjectiveTo understand the current evaluation methods and treatment progress of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after rectal cancer surgery.MethodThe recent literatures on the progress of LARS studies were reviewed.ResultsThe occurrence mechanism of LARS was closely related to the function state of anus before operation, the nerve and muscle injuries around the anus and rectum during the operation, as well as the new rectal volume and compliance. For this symptom group, there were various clinical evaluation methods, including the various quality of life score scales, fecal incontinence related scales, LARS score scale, anorectal pressure measurement, and imaging examination of anal sphincter, etc. The treatment included the anal lavage, comprehensive rehabilitation training, sacral nerve stimulation, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, and other treatment methods.ConclusionLARS might be prevented or alleviated through accurately preoperative evaluation, standardized and reasonable surgery and adjuvant therapy, and effective postoperative intervention.