ObjectivesTo conduct a bibliometric analysis to research the status of disease burden domestically and overseas so as to understand the status of diseases burden, and to provide scientific and reasonable reference for health disease prevention, control strategies formulation and future research.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data, CBM and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect literature on disease burden from inception to October, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature and extracted data. EndNote X7 software was used for literature management, Excel 2016 software and VOS viewer software were also used to analyze data. Literature was classified by the aspects of literature publication characteristics, diseases, background areas, influencing factors, evaluation indicators and poverty caused by illness.ResultsA total of 325 studies were included in the bibliometric analysis. 41 articles (12.6%) were published in journals indexed by SCIE; original research evidence accounted for 97.0% (315 articles); 272 articles were from China (83.7%). The main diseases involved were malignant tumors (58 articles, 17.8%), diabetes (29 articles, 8.9%) and hypertension (24 articles, 7.4%). Factors affecting the disease burden primarily included hospitalization days (9 articles, 2.8%), complications (5 articles, 1.5%), delays in treatment (5 articles, 1.5%), and economic income (4 articles, 1.2%). Sixity-one articles (18.8%) reported poverty due to illness, and related diseases were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12 articles, 3.7%), hypertension (10 articles, 3.1%), diabetes (10 articles, 3.1%), malignant tumors (9 articles, 2.8%) and hepatitis B (6 articles, 1.8%).ConclusionsAt present, the disease burden research are focusing more on the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases such as malignant tumors, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in developing countries and regions. Medical costs vary from different diseases and treatment, different demographic characteristics of patients, and the coverage medical security of different population are the primary reasons for the " expensive in medical treatment” of current residents and the heavy burden of disease. DALY and total direct medical expenses are the main evaluation indexes of epidemiological burden and economic burden of disease, respectively. Future researches should focus on strengthening the scientific nature of study design to improve the quality of research, as well as paying more attention to diseases and aspects that are rarely involved, such as major diseases caused by poverty due to illness, comprehensive analysis of multiple diseases and aspects of health investment measurement, and comprehensively use the evaluation indicators of disease burden to strengthen the research on the comparability index of disease economic burden.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the impact of school breakfast on children's nutrition and health. MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the impact of school breakfast on children's nutrition and health from inception to June 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. ResultsA total of 8 RCT, involving 8 208 children were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with non-school breakfast, the school breakfast could significantly improve the rate of school attendance (RR=1.38, 95%CI 1.26 to 1.51, P<0.000 1). However, there was no statistically significant difference in height, weight, weight-for-age, height for age, energy, protein, iron, or incidence of nutritional disease between the groups. ConclusionThe current evidence suggests that school breakfast has no impact on children's nutrition and health. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation. MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation from inception to November, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, network meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 15.1 software. ResultsA total of 27 RCTs involving 14 interventions were included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional advice, video counseling (OR=2.34, 95%CI 1.32 to 4.15), mobile phone text message (OR=1.82, 95%CI 1.03 to 3.20), motivational interview (OR=2.00, 95%CI 1.11 to 3.59) and health education (OR=3.40, 95%CI 1.52 to 7.57) were higher in quitting rate (P<0.05). The sort results showed that health education was the most likely to be the best intervention (86.20%), followed by video consultation (74.10%). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that the smoking cessation effects of health education, video counseling, telephone counseling, mobile phone text message and motivational interview. Among them, health education may be the best. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo overview the systematic reviews of dominant diseases of acupuncture in clinical efficacy.MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect systematic reviews or meta-analyses of dominant diseases of acupuncture in clinical efficacy from inception to December 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Then, Excel 2010 and VOS viewer were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 263 systematic reviews were included. Acupuncture techniques involved electroacupuncture (n=29), point thread-embedding (n=25), dermal needle (n=15), acupoint injection (n=12), spoon needle (n=12), fire needle (n=8), laser (n=8), intradermal needle (n=5), filiform needle (n=4), pricking blood therapy (n=2) and round-sharp needle (n=1). A total of 94 kinds of diseases were identified, and their total effective rate ranged from 4% (bladder cancer) to 98% (bladder stones, renal colic), 72 kinds of which were above 85%.ConclusionsAcupuncture is currently widely used in clinical practice. Based on the clinical effectiveness evidence, this study finally identifies 94 types of dominant diseases. However, the total sample size and total effective rate vary considerably, and the types of acupuncture are not yet specified in this study, which requires to be focused in future research.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of major ozonated autohemotherapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the efficacy and safety of major ozonated autohemotherapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke from inception to July 1st, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 25 RCTs involving 3 681 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the major ozonated autohemotherapy combined with conventional therapy in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke in terms of total effective rate (RR=1.20, 95%CI 1.15 to 1.25, P<0.001), national institutes of health stroke scale (MD=−3.15, 95%CI −4.72 to −1.59, P<0.001), total cholesterol (MD=−1.00, 95%CI −1.48 to −0.53, P<0.001), triglyceride (MD=−0.74, 95%CI −1.04 to −0.43, P<0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=−0.65, 95%CI −1.22 to −0.09, P=0.02), and activity of daily living (MD=11.97, 95%CI 4.48 to 19.47, P=0.002) were superior to the conventional treatment group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=0.25, 95%CI −0.46 to 0.96, P=0.49) and the incidence of adverse effects (OR=3.15, 95%CI 0.93 to 10.63, P=0.06).ConclusionsThe major ozonated autohemotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke while not affecting the adverse effects. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusions.
In response to the specific requirements of nutrition research, Schwingshackl’s research group developed the NutriGrade grading system, which independently assessed the quality of evidence in randomized controlled trials and cohort studies in nutrition, aiming to summarize the associations or effects between different nutritional factors and outcomes and meet the specific needs of evidence users. It has the advantages of novel classification, quantifiability, independence and pertinence, and it has better consistency, fairness, reliability and feasibility. Well-designed prospective cohort studies are more feasible in the field of nutrition than randomized controlled trials. The grading of the evidence quality for cohort studies included the following eight items: a) risk of bias, study quality, and study limitations; b) precision; c) heterogeneity; d) directness; e) publication bias; f) funding bias; g) effect size; and h) dose-response. Based on the evaluation results of the above items, the evidence quality could be divided into four grades: high (8-10), moderate (<8), low (<6), and very low (<4). The purpose of this paper was to introduce the basic principles, specific contents, and application methods of the NutriGrade grading system for cohort studies and cite examples to provide references for relevant researchers.