Objective To study the intervention effect of ginkgo biloba extract（GBE） on airway and vascular remodeling in rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Forty wistar rats were randomly divided into group A，B，C and D.The rat model of COPD were established by intratracheally injection of lipopolysaccharide and exposure to cigarette smoke in groups B，C and D.Groups C and D were given intraperitoneally injection with 40 mg/kg GBE respectively from day1 to day14 and day29 to day42.Forty-three days later，the rats were sacrificed for lung pathological examination.Results Group B，C and D all showed pathological changes characteristic of COPD to different extent.The average area and standard number of alveoli showed significant difference between each groups（all Plt;0.01）.The structure of bronchiole walls in group C and D show mild changes.The ratio of bronchial smooth muscle thickness to bronchial wall thickness and bronchial wall area to bronchial area of group C and D showed significant difference when compared with group A and B（all Plt;0.01）.The vascular smooth muscle cell of group C and D had mild hyperplasia and the vascular wall had slightly thickened.The ratio of vascular smooth muscle thickness to vascular wall thickness and vascular wall area to vascular area in group C and D showed significant difference when compared with group A and B（all Plt;0.01）.Conclusion GBE has inhibitory effects on airway and vascular remodeling in rats model of COPD.
Objective To investigate the effects of ginkgo biloba extract （GBE） on expressions of IL-1β, IL-6,and TNF-α in the pancreas and brain tissues of rats with severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）, and further to explore the pathogenesis of SAP and the efficacy of GBE on brain injury. Methods Fifty-four Winstar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, and treatment group, with 18 rats for each group. For rats in the normal control group, only conversion of pancreas was performed by abdomen opening , followed by wound closure immediately. For rats in the model group and treatment group, 5% sodium taurocholate hydrate were injected under pancreatic capsule to establish SAP model, and then GBE and normal saline were infected into intra-abdomen repeatedly every 8 hours, respectively. At 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after the model establishment, experimental samples were extracted and serum amylase was detected. Pathogenic scoring for pancreas tissues was performed under light microscopy, and immunohistochemistry method was employed to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in pancreas and brain tissues. Results For the treatment group, both serum amylase and pancreas scoring were significantly lower than those of the model group （P＜0.01）. At 24 h after model establishment, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α of pancreas tissues in model group were significantly higher than those at 6 h and 12 h （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）, but no significant differences wereobserved in treatment group （P＞0.05）. The expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α of brain tissues in model group were significantly higher than those at 6 h and 12 h （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）, but in treatment group decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the model group at same time （P＜0.01）. Conclusions During SAP, the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in pancreas and brain tissues increased obviously. GBE showed suppressing and scavenging effects on IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in pancreas and brain tissues.