ObjectiveTo study the expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1(CINC-1)in rats with transfusion-related acute lung injury(TRALI),explore its possible role in the pathogenesis of TRALI. MethodsSixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group with sham operation,a positive control group with ALI induced by intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide(5 mg/kg),and a TRALI group treated by intraperitoneal injection of LPS 2h before the transfusion of human plasma (1mL),a LPS control group treated by intraperitoneal injection of LPS 2h before the transfusion of normal saline(1mL).The reverse transcription-polymerase chain (RT-PCR)was used to detect CINC-1 mRNA.The level of CINC-1 in lung tissue homogenate was measured by ELISA.Morphological changes of the lung tissue were observed under light microscope.Myeloperoxidase (MPO)in lung homogenate and wet lung weight to dry lung weight ratio (W/D)were observed.The number of cells and the percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)were also compared. ResultsCompared with the normal control group and the LPS control group,the expression of CINC-1 protein and CINC-1 mRNA were increased significantly in lung of the positive control group and the TRALI group(P<0.05).The number of cells and the percentage of PMN in BALF of the TRALI group [(310.63±76.67)×106/L and (33.57±11.51)%] were significantly higher than those in BALF of the normal control group [(101.36±63.83)×106/L and (9.87±3.56)%](P<0.05).Tissue water content and MPO activity in the TRALI group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). ConclusionExpression of CINC-1 protein and CINC-1 mRNA are increased in the rat lung with TRALI and PMN infiltration in lung tissue,which suggests CINC-1 participate in the process of the PMN and endothelial cell adhesion and may play an important role in the pathogeneses of TRALI.