摘要:目的:通过食管吞钡造影及造影后CT平扫检查提高梨状窝瘘的诊断率。方法:平卧位左、右、前、后斜位和头低足高位食管吞钡后透视观察有无钡剂外漏后,行CT平扫检查。扫描范围上起口咽部,下至胸骨上窝,层距厚3 mm。扫描后图像作多层面重建处理。结果:透视下见到瘘管3例,另3例经CT多层面重建隐约见到瘘管,但14例均可见漏出的钡剂滞留影,可判断瘘管的存在。结论:食管吞钡造影及造影后CT平扫可提高对梨状窝瘘诊断的敏感性和诊断率。Abstract: Objective: To improve the diagnosis rate of the pyriform sinus fistula by means of esphagogram and CT scan after esphagogram. Methods:To observe whether there is the leakage of barium by Xray check after barium swallowed in the five positions of body, followed by CT scan. The scanning ranges from oropharyngeal to Waterloo on sternum. The thickness is 3mm. The image is dealt with multidimensional reconstruction after the scan. Results:Among fourteen cases, the fistula can be seen in three, and be indistinctly seen after the multidimensional reconstruction of CT scan in the other three ones. All The fourteen cases show the trace of the leakage of barium, which helps to prove the existence of pyriform sinus fistula. Conclusions: Esphagogram and CT scan after esphagogram contribute the sensitivity of the diagnosis of pyriform sinus fistula, and improve the diagnosis rate.
【摘要】 目的 探讨CT对婴幼儿腹部巨大囊性病变的诊断价值及其鉴别诊断。 方法 搜集2003年-2009年间经手术病理证实的2岁以内患儿腹部巨大囊性病变62例，分析其病变部位、大小、形态、分隔、密度和强化、囊壁及与周围脏器关系等要素。 结果 62例中，先天性胆总管囊肿4例，重度肾积水36例，巨输尿管2例，囊性肾母细胞瘤4例，大网膜囊肿4例，肠系膜囊肿3例，卵巢囊肿6例，囊性畸胎瘤3例。 各种囊性病变有其一定的发病部位和特征性的CT表现。 结论 CT是婴幼儿腹部囊性病变定位、定性诊断的重要影像学方法。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the value of CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the giant cystic lesions in abdomen of the infants. Methods A total of 62 infants younger than 2 years old with the giant cystic lesions in abdomen confirmed by surgery and histopathology from 2003 to 2009 were collected. The location of the lesion, range, configuration, thickness of cystic wall and septa, density, contrast enhancement, and adjacent organs were observed and analyzed. Results In 62 infants, there were congenital cyst of common bile duct in 4, giant hydronephrosis in 36, primary megaureter in 2, cystic Wilms tumor in 4, greater omentum cyst in 4, mesenteric cyst in 3, ovarian cystic in 6, and cystic teratoma in 3. Each disease had its own lesions location and features of CT images. Conclusion CT is very effective on the localized and qualitative diagnosis of the giant cystic lesions in abdomen of infants.