Objective To review the research progress in cell therapy and tissue engineering approach to regenerate salivary gland so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of salivary hypofunction. Methods The recent literature on cell therapy and tissue engineering for the regeneration of salivary glands was reviewed and summarized. Results It is feasible to repair the salivary function by using various stem cells to repair damaged tissue, or by establishing salivary gland tissueex vivo for salivary gland function restoration and reconstruction. However, the mechanism of three dimensional culturing salivary organoids during organogenesis and function expressing and the potential influence of tissue specific extracellular matrix during this process should be further studied. Conclusion Basic research of cell therapy and salivary tissue engineering should be deeply developed, and a standardized culturing system should be establishedin vitro. In addition, it is of great significance to study thein vivo effects of salivary gland-specific cells, non salivary gland epithelial cells and transplanted gene-transfected stem cells.
Objective To investigate the impacts of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and on operation procedure and the significance of prognosis. Methods The expression of IGF-1R in 40 patients with breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was measured by immunohistochemistry. The diagnosis was proved by core biopsy. All the patients took the TAC chemotherapy regimen. Modified radical operation was performed after two chemotherapy cycles and the IGF-1R expression was measured again. The clinical effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was assessed according to WHO criterion by measuring the size of tumor by physical examination and B type ultrasound. Results After neoadjuvant chemotherapy the tumor size shrank in 29 patients, there was no CR (complete response) or PD (progressed disease) to be documented. IGF-1R expression could be downregulated in 25 patients. Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can inhibit the tumor growth by downregulation of the expression of IGF-1R.
Objective To investigate clinical significance of serum VEGF-C level and C-erbB-2 protein expression in patients with breast cancer. Methods Sixty-two female patients with breast invasive ductal cancer and breast benign lesion were respectively selected. Serum VEGF-C level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before operation and at one month after operation, and C-erbB-2 protein expression in tissues of breast cancer was detected by immunohistochemistry. Then, the relationship between serum VEGF-C level and clinicopathologic characteristics and C-erbB-2 protein expressions wereas analyzed. Results The serum VEGF-C level before operation in breast cancer patients〔(279.65±17.34) pg/ml〕 was significantly higher than that in breast benign lesions patients 〔(167.26±12.15) pg/ml〕, P＜0.01. In breast cancer patients, the serum VEGF-C level before operation was higher than that at one month after operation 〔(209.45±15.23) pg/ml〕, P＜0.01. The serum VEGF level was related to tumor stage (P＜0.05) but not to patient age, tumor size, menopause status , lymph node metastasis or not and ER and PR expression (Pgt;0.05). The positive expression rate of C-erbB-2 protein in breast cancer patients (54.84%, 34/62) was significantly higher than that in breast benign lesion patients (11.29%, 7/62), P＜0.01. Moreover, the positive expression rate of C-erbB-2 protein in breast cancer patients with axilla lymph node metastasis (69.44%) was significantly higher than that without axilla lymph node metastases (34.62%), P＜0.05. The serum VEGF level increased with increasing expression intensity of C-erbB-2 protein and there was positive correlation between them (r=0.813，P＜0.05). Conclusions The serum VEGF-C level in breast cancer may be conducted as an assisted marker to differential diagnosis of breast tumor. C-erbB-2 is related to lymph node metastasis of breast cancer patients. There is synergistic effect between VEGF-C and C-erbB-2 in the lymph node metastasis way of breast cancer.
Objective To establish a stable colorectal cancer model in liver specific insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 deficient (LID) mice and examine the potential relationship between IGF-1 level and risk of mice constitutional colorectal cancer. Methods ①Establishment of a colorectal cancer model: The LID mice, in which IGF-1 level in circulation was 25% of BALB/c mice. Induction of colorectal cancer was achieved by using the 1,1 Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) with hypodermic injection at transverse part. ②Eighty fresh samples of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were obtained from LID mice (experimental group) and BALB/c mice (control group). The expression of IGF-1 was studied by immunohistochemical assay (SP method). Results ①Weight loss occurred in both experimental group and control group after injection. Compared with the body weight before injection on 18 weeks and 24 weeks in each group, there were significant differences after injection at the same phase in each group (P＜0.05). ②The results of IGF-1 expression in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues: IGF-1 got a diffuse distribution in cancer cell cytoplasm. The positive expressions of IGF-1 in the cancer tissues and their adjacent cancer tissues were 6/7, 2/7 and 13/16, 7/16 respectively in experimental group and control group. There were significant differences between the cancer tissues and adjacent tissues inside both groups (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences inside both of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues respectively between experimental group and control group (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion In the established colorectal cancer model by DMH, IGF-1 plays an important role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.
To evaluate the efficacy and the surgical procedures of submandibular sialoadenectomy by a modified retroauricular approach. Methods Between October 2008 and April 2009, 8 patients with benign submandibular gland disorders underwent removal of benign submandibular gland lesions using a retroauricular approach. There were 4 males and 4 females with an average age of 38.5 years (range, 32-54 years), including 3 pleomorphic adenoma and 5 chronic sialadenitis with sialol ithiasis. The disease duration was from 2 months to 5 years. The anterior facial vein and the facial artery were reserved only by the l igation of branching vessels in the submandibular gland. Results Submandibular sialoadenectomy were successfully performed in 8 cases. The operative time was 45-75 minutes (mean, 60 minutes). All incisions obtained heal ing by first intention. No nerve paralysis occurred, including marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, the l ingual nerve, and hypoglossal nerve. One patient had poor blood circulation of flap due to excessive traction during operation, but it returned normal after 24 hours without special treatment. Other flaps had good blood circulation. All patients were followed up 1-6 months (mean, 3 months). The incision scars were hidden with satisfactory appearance. Conclusion The modified retroauricular approach has some advantages such as simple operation, better cosmetic outcome, and no compl ication.