目的 探讨子宫动脉化疗栓塞在剖宫产术后子宫切口妊娠治疗中的可行性和安全性。 方法 回顾分析2006年7月－2011年3月收治的152例剖宫产切口瘢痕妊娠行介入治疗的病例资料。 结果 152例子宫动脉化疗栓塞操作均成功。阴道大出血或不规则出血均得到有效控制。人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚型较术前下降，差异有统计学意义（Z=−9.295，P=0.000），术后2～22 d行清宫术，术中失血3～100 mL，平均27 mL。3例行子宫切除术，子宫切除率2%。1例发生栓子脱落导致左下肢胫前动脉栓塞并发症。 结论 子宫动脉化疗栓塞治疗剖宫产术后切口妊娠可有效控制大出血、降低清宫风险、降低子宫切除风险，是治疗切口妊娠的有效可行方法之一。
医学人文教育是突显医学人文价值和实现医学宗旨的根本。本文针对目前医学人文教育的现状，提出应从提高教师队伍人文素养、用人文精神培育学生、培养医学生职业意识三方面着手，加强医学生人文精神的培养，为社会输送符合时代要求的复合型医学人才。
Objective To observe the changes and influencing factors on pulse oxygen saturation and hemoglobin in Tibetan residents of 4 200 meters above sea level. Methods The health examination data of the Tibetan village residents were collected in Rerong Country, Shannan Prefecture of Tibet autonomous region from January 4 to February 4, 2012. And the information of pulse oxygen saturation was recorded at the same time. The residents were categorized by sex, age and smoking history to observe the difference in each group. Results The clinical data of 234 healthy Tibetan residents were collected with average age of (37.9±13.9) years old, and 97 were male (41.5%). There were no difference in pulse oxygen saturation [(86.1±3.4)% and (86.0±4.7)%, P=0.784) between male and female residents, and heart rate of the male was less than that of the female [(77.9±9.8) bpm and (81.1±12.1) bpm, P=0.036], while the hemoglobin content was higher in male residents [(164.5±15.4) g/L and (139.1±19.2) g/L, P=0.000). With the increase of age, especially in the group older than 60 years, the pulse oxygen saturation significantly decreased (P=0.003), while hemoglobin content showed a gradual increase trend (P=0.000). And in the group which smoking history more than 20 pack-years, the pulse oxygen saturation was lesser than the other groups, and the hemoglobin content increased (P=0.000). Conclusions The pulse oxygen saturation level of Tibetan residents of 4 200 meters above sea level is negatively correlated with age and smoking history, and the level of hemoglobin is positively correlated with age and smoking history. In resting state, there is no significant difference in heart rate between the groups divided by ages.
ObjectiveTo construct and verify the nomogram prediction model of pregnant women's fear of childbirth. MethodsA convenient sampling method was used to select 675 pregnant women in tertiary hospital in Tangshan City, Hebei Province from July to September 2022 as the modeling group, and 290 pregnant women in secondary hospital in Tangshan City from October to December 2022 as the verification group. The risk factors were determined by logistic regression analysis, and the nomogram was drawn by R 4.1.2 software. ResultsSix predictors were entered into the model: prenatal education, education level, depression, pregnancy complications, anxiety and preference for delivery mode. The areas under the ROC curves of the modeling group and the verification group were 0.834 and 0.806, respectively. The optimal critical values were 0.113 and 0.200, respectively, with sensitivities of 67.2% and 77.1%, the specificities were 87.3% and 74.0%, and the Jordan indices were 0.545 and 0.511, respectively. The calibration charts of the modeling group and the verification group showed that the coincidence degree between the actual curve and the ideal curve was good. The results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test were χ2=6.541 (P=0.685) and χ2=5.797 (P=0.760), and Brier scores were 0.096 and 0.117, respectively. DCA in modeling group and verification group showed that when the threshold probability of fear of childbirth were 0.00 to 0.70 and 0.00 to 0.70, it had clinical practical value. ConclusionThe nomogram model has good discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability, which can effectively predict the risk of pregnant women's fear of childbirth and provide references for early clinical identification of high-risk pregnant women and targeted intervention.
ObjectiveTo assess the effect of chewing gum on the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients with colorectal cancer. MethodsA comprehensive search for relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in domestic and international databases such as PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database, Chinese Periodicals Full-text Database, Wanfang data, and other databases, with a timeframe up to September 2023. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Simultaneously, the literature quality evaluation and data extraction were performed. The continuous variables were described using mean difference (95% confidence interval) and the binary variables were described using odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Test level was α=0.05. ResultsA total of 28 RCTs covering 2 523 postoperative colorectal cancer patients were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the postoperative chewing gum could shorten the time of the first flatus [–11.99 (–14.45, –9.53)], the first defecation [–18.79 (–23.58, –14.00)], the first bowel sounds [–6.35 (–6.64, –6.06)] or the first starvation [–5.20 (–10.11, –0.28)], and the hospital stay [–1.35 (–1.99, –0.70)], as well as could increase the serum gastrin level [23.70 (14.88, 32.53)]. Furthermore, it also could decrease the incidence of postoperative complications, such as nausea [0.66 (0.48, 0.91)], abdominal distension [0.48 (0.35, 0.67)], and intestinal obstruction [0.34 (0.20, 0.59)]. However, there was a non-significant effect on vomiting [0.81 (0.60, 1.09)] or time of the first oral intake [–0.67 (–1.99, 0.65)]. ConclusionsFrom the results of this meta-analysis, postoperative gum chewing aids to promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and reduce the risk of postoperative complications in colorectal cancer patients. Although further studies are needed to verify the long-term effects and the feasibility of clinical application, the results of this study provide an important empirical support for the utilize of chewing gum in the management of postoperative gastrointestinal function.
【摘要】目的探讨瘢痕子宫不全破裂的早期诊断、处理及预防。方法2006年1月2009年1月发生瘢痕子宫不全破裂13例,术前临床症状加B超检查确诊,手术从原切口进入宫腔,取出胎儿,修剪原切口周围瘢痕组织,10可吸收线连续缝合浆肌层,再间断包埋缝合切口,术后常规预防感染,加强宫缩治疗;胎盘植入2例尽量取出胎盘,修整切口,活动性出血明显者用10可吸收线“8”字缝扎止血,术后加服米非司酮150 mg/d共3 d。结果母婴均痊愈出院。42 d后来院复查,B超探查8例子宫下段处有线状较强回声,肌层回声均匀,余未发现异常;胎盘植入2例，随防3个月血绒毛膜促性腺激素呈阴性。结论早期B超检查能提高瘢痕子宫不全破裂确诊率,确诊后急诊剖宫产,胎盘部分植入者加服米非司酮并预防感染。