The progress of new therapies for solid tumors usually gradually transitions from late stage to early stage. Early treatment of Luminal breast cancer has entered the era of “endocrine therapy +”, with the strengthening of treatment duration and intensity, combined with targeted therapy and multi-gene detection, which still coexist with clinical parameters. For HER2-positive early breast cancer, neoadjuvant therapy has changed the treatment process, requiring exploration of precise strengthening and de-escalation of neoadjuvant therapy. “Neoadjuvant therapy changes adjuvant therapy, and early treatment affects recurrence treatment”. Although the early treatment of triple-negative breast cancer once showed a complicated state of “a hundred schools of thought contend”, today’s treatment strategy is far from focusing on the simple respond of those three negative markers. The core lies in precise diagnosis and classification for treatment! This article summarizes the progress of early breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide valuable reference for clinicians’ practical application.