Dyslipidemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR).Apreliminary study found that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein (Apo)Band ApoB/ Apo A1 ratio were positively correlated with DR, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo A1 was negatively correlated with DR and proliferative DR. Reducing the blood fats to be helpful to DR control. However, the mechanism of hyperlipidemia in the pathogenesis of DR, the reason of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients and the interaction between hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in DR are not clear yet. Moreover, there is no predictive indicators related to blood lipid for DR. Understanding the relationship between dyslipidemia and DR can provide definite evidence for fat-reducing therapy for DR control.