ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between-174G/C polymorphism in interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MethodsWe electronically searched PubMed, EMbase, CBM, WanFang Data, CNKI and VIP for case-control studies on the correlation between IL-6 gene-174G/C polymorphism and the risk of COPD. Two reviewers independently screened the studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted data. Then meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 5 studies involving 487 COPD cases and 786 controls were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, there was no significant association between IL-6 gene SNP-174G/C and risks of COPD:GC+CC vs. GG:OR=1.01, 95%CI 0.76 to 1.34, P=0.95; CC vs. GC+GG:OR=1.04, 95%CI 0.70 to 1.54, P=0.85:CC vs. GG:OR=1.05, 95%CI 0.69 to 1.61, P=0.81; GC vs. GG:OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.74 to 1.35, P=0.99; C vs. G:OR=1.02, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.24, P=0.88. ConclusionIL-6-174G/C gene polymorphism may not be a risk factor that causes COPD.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between the IL-6 gene -634G/C polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer. MethodsDatabases including the PubMed, EMbase, CNKI and WanFang Data were searched from inception to October 2015 to collect case-control studies about the correlation between the IL-6 gene -634G/C polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsA total of 12 case-control studies concerning 3 657 lung cancer cases and 4 100 controls from 11 articles were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was no significant association between the -634G/C polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer (GG+GC vs. CC: OR=1.11, 95%CI 0.89 to 1.39, P=0.37; GG vs. CC+GC: OR=1.17, 95%CI 0.88 to 1.55, P=0.27; GG vs. CC: OR=1.27, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.72, P=0.13; GC vs. CC: OR=1.12, 95%CI 0.89 to 1.40, P=0.33; G vs. C: OR=1.08, 95%CI 0.89 to 1.30, P=0.43). ConclusionIL-6 gene -634G/C polymorphism may not be a risk factor of lung cancer. Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
研究白介素6(IL-6)在过氧化氢诱导的肺泡上皮细胞凋亡中的作用及其机制。方法：以人Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞A549细胞株为实验对象，MTT法检测IL-6对A549细胞增殖活性的影响，TUNEL检测法检测IL-6对A549细胞凋亡率的影响，Western blot观察caspase-3和caspase-9蛋白量的变化。结果：IL-6能够增加A549细胞的增殖活性，减少其凋亡。与模型组相比，IL-6干预组的caspase-3和caspase-9的蛋白表达量明显降低,有统计学意义。结论：IL-6能够抑制过氧化氢诱导的肺泡上皮细胞凋亡，并且与caspase-3和caspase-9蛋白的表达量下降有关。提示IL-6对肺泡上皮细胞的保护作用可能是通过抑制细胞凋亡相关蛋白来实现的。
Objective To investigate the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to determine their clinical significance. Methods One hundred children with OSAS in our department from August 2005 to February 2006, and 40 healthy children were enrolled in the study. The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured. Results Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in patients with OSAS than those in the control group (Plt;0.05). Both IL-6 and TNF-α were not correlated with AHI. Conclusion It is concluded that OSAS is a chronic inflammatory process. A close correlation was observed between high levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and OSAS. High levels of IL-6 and TNF-α account for the risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases in children with OSAS.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the inflammatory markers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or non-inflammatory diseases undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to ascertain the variation trend of perioperative inflammatory markers and the influence of inflammation markers after THA. MethodsBetween January 2013 and December 2014, 153 consecutive patients with AS were included. According to the range of motion (ROM), the patients were divided into ankylosis group (ROM: 0°; group A, n=92) and stiff group (ROM: 3-46°; group B, n=61); 120 noninflammatory diseases patients having no bacterial infection and undergoing primary THA served as non-inflammatory group (group C). The inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) concentrations were measured before operation and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after operation, and the complication was observed. ResultsPerioperative serum CRP, IL-6, and ESR increased at first after operation, and then decreased in 3 groups. There were significant differences in CRP and ESR between at pre- and post-operation (P<0.05); the IL-6 at 1, 3, and 5 days after operation were significantly higher than that at preoperation (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between at 7 days and at preoperation (P>0.05). CRP, IL-6, and ESR of group B were significantly higher than those of group A at preoperation (P<0.05); CRP and IL-6 of groups A and B were significantly higher than those of group C at preoperation and at 1 day after operation (P<0.05); ESR of groups A and B was significantly higher than that of group C at preoperation, and at 1 day and 3 days after operation (P<0.05); and no significant difference was shown among 3 groups at the other time points (P>0.05). No inflammatory activity or increased complication was observed. ConclusionAS and non-inflammatory diseases show similar change trend of inflammatory markers at preand post-operation. The inflammatory activity of AS has no significant effect on the changes of inflammation markers and does not increase the incidence of postoperative complications.
Objective To investigate interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-17 levels in both synovial fluid and serum of patients with primary knee medial osteoarthritis (OA) after high tbial osteotomy (HTO). Methods Twenty-six patients with primary knee medial OA undergoing HTO between January 2011 and June 2014 (experimental group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group) were recruited into the study. There was no significant difference in gender, age, and body mass index between 2 groups (P>0.05). The X-ray film was taken to record healing time at osteotomy site, to measure the tibiofemoral angle, and to assess limb alignment after HTO. Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score and knee society score (KSS) were used to evaluate pain level and function of the knee. The IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 concentrations in both plasma and synovial fluid were measured before operation and at 6, 12, and 18 months after operation in the experimental group using ELISA method; the levels in plasma were measured in control group. Results Primary healing of incisions was achieved in patients. All patients were followed up 18-24 months (mean, 21 months). The X-ray film showed osseous healing at osteotomy site at 9-14 weeks (mean, 11.5 weeks). The average tibiofemoral angle was 167.5° (range, 165-170°) after bone healing. Satisfactory limb alignment was obtained in all patients. The postoperative VAS pain score was significantly decreased and KSS score was significantly improved when compared with preoperative scores (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between different time points after operation (P>0.05). The preoperative plasma and synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 concentrations were significantly higher in patients than controls (P<0.05). The postoperative IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 concentrations in plasma and synovial fluid were significantly lower than preoperative ones in patients (P<0.05), but the concentrations were significantly higher than those in controls (P<0.05). The postoperative plasma and synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 concentrations were significantly declined in patients, but there was no significant difference between different time points after operation (P>0.05). Conclusion HTO can significantly improve the pain symptom and joint function and reduce IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 levels in both plasma and synovial fluid of patients with medial compartment knee OA, but these cytokines can not return to normal level.
Objective To analyze the correlation between the polymorphism on interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene promoter region-174 locus and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), including the susceptibility, the bracing effectiveness, and the possible mechanism. Methods The 182 AIS patients and 210 healthy controls who met the inclusion criteria between January 2013 and January 2016 were collected as research objects. The genotype of IL-6 gene promoter region-174 locus, the serum IL-6, the bone mineral density (BMD) of femoral neck and vertebrae (L1–4), and the bone metabolism parameters, including bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr, were detected. All research objects were divided into the AIS group and the control group according to whether they had AIS, the GG, CG, CC groups according to their genotype, and progression-free group and progression group according to the therapeutic effectiveness of 1-year bracing treatment. Statistical analysis for the indexes were conducted respectively. Results There were significant differences in AIS history, BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae between the AIS group and control group (P<0.05). According to the therapeutic effecitveness of 1-year bracing treatment, 182 AIS patients were divided into progression-free group in 110 cases and progression group in 72 cases. The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution of IL-6 gene promoter region-174 locus, BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae, IL-6, TRACP-5b, urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr between the progression-free group and progression group (P<0.05). The results of multivariable analysis showed that the BMD of lumbar vertebrae, TRACP-5b, and urine Ca were the influencing factors of bracing efficacy (P<0.05). According to the results of genotype detection, all research objects were divided into GG group in 264 cases, CG group in 104 cases, and CC group in 24 cases. The IL-6, TRACP-5b, urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr of GG type carriers were higher and BMD of femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae were lower when compared with the CG and CC type carriers (P<0.05). The BMD of lumbar vertebrae of CG type carriers was lower than that of CC type carriers (P<0.05). Conclusion The polymorphism of IL-6 genepromoter region-174 locus wasn’t correlated with the AIS susceptibility, but it was correlated (not independently correlated) with the scoliosis progression under bracing treatment, and the risk for G-carried patients was higher. The mechanism may be that the polymorphism affected the IL-6 expression level and eventually affected the BMD of AIS patients through the bone metabolism.
Objective To explore the risk factors associated with interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in serum after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A retrospective study was made on the clinical data of 273 patients underwent primary unilateral TKA between July 2015 and April 2017. There were 50 males and 223 females with an average age of 66.3 years (range, 36-89 years), and the body mass index (BMI) was (25.5±3.7) kg/m2. Of them, 256 patients suffered with osteoarthritis, and the other 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Univariate analysis was made to find the related factors between IL-6 level in serum at 1 day after operation and preoperative data including gender, age, BMI, diagnosis, comorbidities, preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, preoperative varus or valgus deformity, range of motion of the knee, preoperative level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 in serum, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, usage of drainage tube and catheter, and dosage of tranexamic acid and dexamethasone used on day of operation. Furthermore, the multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors. Results The operation time was (79.7±15.6) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was (107.8±25.3) mL. Drainage tubes were used in 111 patients and catheters were used in 41 patients after operation. The dosage of tranexamic acid and dexamethasone used on day of operation were (3.2±0.8) g and (15.1±6.6) mg, respectively. The levels of IL-6 in serum were (4.48±3.05), (42.65±37.09), and (28.21±26.44) pg/mL before operation and at 1 and 3 days after operation, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the level of IL-6 in serum at 1 day after operation was significantly higher in variables as follows: age, diagnosis, history of lung infection, range of motion, preoperative levels of CRP and IL-6 in serum, intravenous dosage of tranexamic acid and dexamethasone on day of operation (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that range of motion less than 90°, intravenous dosage of tranexamic acid on day of operation less than 3 g, and dosage of dexamethasone on day of operation less than 10 mg were significant risk factors (P<0.05). Conclusion Range of motion less than 90°, intravenous dosage of tranexamic acid on day of operation less than 3 g, and dosage of dexamethasone on day of operation less than 10 mg were independent risk factors that resulted in increased level of IL-6 in serum at 1 day after TKA.
Objective To observe the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM), Caspase-3 and interleukin (IL)-6 in optic nerve tissue of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION). Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and model group, 10 rats in each group. The permanent ligation of bilateral internal carotid arteries (BICA) was performed for 14 days to establish sub-acute ION model as model group. The control group were separated BICA without ligation. The expressions of TREM-1, TREM-2, Caspase-3 and IL-6 in rat retina were detected by reverse transcription PCR and Western blot, respectively. ResultsCompared with the control group, the expressions of TREM-1, Caspase-3, IL-6 mRNA (t=6.058, 7.86, 6.055) and protein (t=9.671, 9.524, 14.501) in the optic nerve tissue of the model group were increased, while the expression of TREM-2 mRNA and protein (t=9.283) was decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion In ischemic optic nerve tissue, TREM-1 mRNA and protein were significantly expressed, the expressions of TREM-2 mRNA and protein decreased significantly.