Objective To investigate the sensitivity of 5 kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs on human colorectal cancer in vivo. Methods Xenografts in nude mice were set up by tumor tissues from 9 patients with colorectal cancer and nude mice were divided into 6 groups randomly， receiving saline （control group）， 5-fluorouracil （5-FU group）， doxorubicin（ADM group）， mitomycin （MMC group）， oxaliplatin （LOHP group）， and irinotecan （CPT-11 group）， respectively. The inhibitive rates （IR） of xenografts in 5 groups for each patient were calculated. Results The lowest and highest IR of 5 groups were 23.6% and 54.9% in 5-FU group， 23.7% and 69.5% in LOPH group， 23.6% and 82.6% in CPT-11group， 24.1% and 48.1% in MMC group， 5.8% and 20.7% in ADM group， respectively. The IR exceeded 40.0% in 7 patients of LOHP group， 6 patients of CPT-11 group， 4 patients of 5-FU group， and 1 patient of MMC group， respec-tively. Of 9 patients， the IR exceeded 40.0% to 3 kinds of drugs in 3 patients， to 2 kinds of drugs in 4 patients， the IR didn’t exceed 30.0% to 4 kinds of drug （IR was 82.6% to CPT-11） in 1 patient， and the IR didn’t exceed 31.0% to all 5 kinds of drugs in 1 patient. There were statistical differences on the IR of 5 kinds of drugs （H=24.061 2， P=0.000 1）. IR of ADM group was statistical lower than 5-FU group， MMC group， LOHP group， and CPT-11 group （P＜0.05），but there were no statistical differences between 5-FU group， MMC group， LOHP group， and CPT-11 group （P＞0.05）. Conclusions The xenografts from same patient have different sensitivity to different chemotherapy drugs， and the same chemotherapy drug corresponds to different IR in different patients. The IR of LOHP and CPT-11 are the highest， following by 5-FU and MMC.