ObjectiveTo summarize research progress of molecular imaging in microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodThe literatures about the molecular imaging in recent years at home and abroad on the microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThe molecular imaging methods such as the Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced scan, irrelevant movement within voxel diffusion weighted imaging, energy spectrum CT imaging, MR molecular probe imaging, etc. from the aspect of the microstructure multimodally studied the biological behaviors and characteristics of the disease had become the research hot topic and the development direction in the future, which played an important role in the early diagnosis and assessment of the microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.ConclusionResearch method of molecular imaging has a prosperous prospect of clinical application in microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma.