ObjectiveTo observe the clinical characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) secondary to conservative therapy in retinoblastoma (RB) patients.MethodsA retrospective study. From July 2013 to May 2017, 20 RRD patients (20 eyes) of 456 RB patients (573 eyes) treated in Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were included in the study. Eleven patients (11 eyes) were boy and 9 patients (9 eyes) were girls. Thirteen patients demonstrated bilateral RB and 7 patients had unilateral RB. Average age when diagnosed with RB was 25 months. International Classification of Retinoblastoma groups were C in 1 eye, D in 17 eyes, and E in 2 eyes. These patients received intra-arterial chemotherapy (17 eyes), intravenous chemotherapy (11 eyes), intravitreal chemotherapy (8 eyes), laser (14 eyes) and/or cryotherapy (5 eyes). Twelve patients (12 eyes) received vitreoretinal surgery including vitrectomy (6 eyes) and scleral buckling (7 eyes). The mean follow-up was 39 months. Fundus examination was performed under general anesthesia during comprehensive treatment and follow-up. The time interval of fundus examination varied from 1 to 6 months depending on the stability of the tumor.ResultsRRD was noted in 20 eyes (3.5%) with RB. Retinal hole was found in 15 eyes (75%). The cause of RRD was atrophic hole in calcified tumor (6 eyes, 30%), cryotherapy-related hole (5 eyes, 25%) and laser-related hole (9 eyes, 45%). Multiple atrophic hole in calcified tumor was noted in 3 eyes. Size of hole smaller than 2 DD was noted in 8 eyes (53%), and larger than 2 DD was noted in 7 eyes (47%). Holes were in posterior (3 eyes), equator (2 eyes) and periphery (10 eyes). Severe proliferated was noted in 1 eye. No tear was found. No bulbar retinal detachment and choroidal detachment was noted. Among 12 eyes who underwent vitreoretinal surgery, reattachment was achieved in 9 eyes (75%). No metastasis was noted.ConclusionsCalcified regression of tumor, cryotherapy and laser were main reasons of RRD. Most of the holes are small in diameter and located in the periphery.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of comprehensive treatment for retinoblastoma (RB). MethodsA retrospective clinical study. From January to December in 2019, 157 cases (203 eyes) of RB who were diagnosed by the Department of Ophthalmology of Xinhua Hospital and received comprehensive treatment were included in this study. Of cases, 76 were male, and 81 were female; 111 were unilateral, and 46 were bilateral. The medium of age at diagnosis was 20.1 months. All patients received treatment for the first time. Patients with intraocular tumors were divided into A-E stages, extraocular stage and distant metastasis according to international intraocular RB classification standard. The median follow-up time was 37.4 months. Clinical features, treatment, prognosis and ocular complications of all cases were recorded. ResultsAmong 157 cases (203 eyes), 137 cases (180 eyes) were in intraocular stage; 6, 14, 10, 98, and 52 of eyes were in A-E stages, respectively. Twelve cases (12 eyes) were in extraocular stage; 8 cases (11 eyes) were in distant metastasis stag; 8 cases died due to distant metastasis; 149 cases (94.9%, 149/157) survived; 48 eyes were enucleated, 34 of which underwent initial enucleation, and 14 eyes underwent enucleation after eye-preserving treatment. The overall global salvage rate was 155 eyes (76.4%,155/203), and that after eye-preserving treatment was 91.7% (155/169). Severer eye for bilateral cases was taken into account for statistic; 120 cases (120 eyes) received initial eye-preserving treatment. Among them, 36 and 84 eyes underwent initial intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and initial intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC), respectively. The enucleation of the two groups was 7(19.4%, 7/36), 7(8.3%, 7/84); 33 (91.7%, 33/36) and 33 (39.3%, 33/84) eyes received the second treatment, respectively. There was no significant difference in the rate of enucleation between the two treatments (χ2=2.037, P=0.154). There was significant difference in the percentage of secondary treatment (χ2=27.937, P＜0.001). Fifty-four eyes (45.0%, 54/120) stabilized after initial treatment, and 66 eyes (55.0%, 66/120) underwent secondary treatments due to poor response or tumor recurrence. For 66 eyes receiving secondary treatments, enucleation, IAC, intravitreous chemotherapy (IVitC), IAC combined with IVitC, and laser and/or cryotherapy was performed in 6, 18, 12, 13, and 17 eyes, respectively. The number of eyes of enucleation among the IAC, IVitC, and IAC combined with IVitC group was 5 (27.8%, 5/18), 1 (9.3%, 1/12), and 2 (15.4%, 2/13) eyes, which was no significantly different (χ2=2.001, P=0.368). Until the last follow-up, visual acuity outcomes were acquired in 148 eyes (72.9%, 148/203). Among them, 41, 53, 16 and 38 eyes had no light perception, light perception to finger counting, 20/400, and ≥20/200, respectively. In total, among 203 eyes, 121 eyes received IAC, of which 2, 4, and 1 eyes had optic disc atrophy, vitreous hemorrhage, and severe retinal-choroidal atrophy, respectively; 60 eyes received IVitC, of which one and one eye had vitreous hemorrhage and macular hemorrhagic necrosis, respectively. ConclusionsIn this study, the overall survival rate was 94.9% after comprehensive treatment and the rate of global salvage after eye-preserving treatment was 91.7%. The comprehensive treatment of retinoblastoma had a relatively high efficacy and safety.