Objective To systematically review the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in Chinese postmenopausal females. Methods The CNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang Data, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females from inception to March 17th, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 54 studies involving 96 391 cases and 41 651 confirmed OP patients were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females was 38.8% (95%CI 34.1% to 43.5%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of OP was 31.7% (95%CI 16.6% to 48.6%) in females who had been menopausal for less than 5 years, 47.4% (95%CI 32.2% to 62.5%) for 5-9 years, 52.7% (95%CI 37.1% to 68.3%) for 10-14 years, 77.5% (95%CI 69.5% to 85.4%) for 15-19 years, and 78.3% (95%CI 56.3% to 100.0%) for more than 20 years. The rate was 16.2% (95%CI 28.8% to 37.2%) in under 50 years age group, 28.8% (95%CI 34.4% to 47.9%) for 50- years group, 41.1% (95%CI 34.4% to 47.9%) for 60- years group, 55.3% (95%CI 45.8% to 64.8%) for 70- years group, 82.0% (95%CI 76.1% to 87.9%) for 80- years group. The prevalence in different regions was between 31.0% and 43.5%, which was lowest in the northeast (31.0%, 95%CI 26.3% to 51.4%) and highest in the northwest (43.5%, 95%CI 22.3% to 64.7%). According to the year of publication, the rate was 43.9% (95%CI 15.7% to 72.0%) from 1997 to 2009 and 38.2% (95%CI 33.8% to 42.5%) from 2010 to 2021. The prevalence of OP was 24.9% (95%CI 20.5% to 29.3%) in postmenopausal females with no birth or 1 birth, and 45.0% (95%CI 37.0% to 53.0%) in females with 2 or more births. Conclusion The prevalence of OP in Chinese postmenopausal females is relatively high. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), to provide scientific basis for the development of Hp infection prevention and control program.MethodsThe Hp infection of healthy population who received 13C-urea breath test in Sichuan Science City Hospital from January to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Medical examination reports were collected and sorted out. We compared the gender and age differences of Hp infection, and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of Hp infection.ResultsA total of 8 093 healthy participants were included, including 5 530 males (68.33%) and 2 563 females (31.67%). The infection rate of Hp was 37.80% (3 059/8 093) in all subjects. The infection rate of males [39.48% (2 183/5 530)] was significantly higher than that of females [34.18% (876/2 563)] (χ2=20.899, P<0.001). The infection rate of 50-59 years old group was the highest (43.87%), and that of <30 years old group was the lowest (30.93%). The difference of Hp infection rate among different age groups was statistically significant (χ2=64.577, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that male [odds ratio (OR) =1.257, P<0.001], 40-49 years old (OR=1.446, P<0.001), 50-59 years old (OR=1.756, P<0.001), 60-69 years old (OR=1.512, P<0.001), high total cholesterol level (OR=1.221, P=0.003) and obesity (OR=1.403, P<0.001) were risk factors for Hp infection.ConclusionsThe prevalence of Hp infection in the general hospital is lower than the national average level, and male, 40-69 years old, high total cholesterol level and obesity are predictors of Hp infection. Effective measures should be taken to prevent and control the infection of Hp.