Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a severe infectious disease induced by human immuno deficiency virus (HIV). Laboratory testing plays an important role in the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. In general, laboratory testing includes detection of virus antibodies and antigens, virus RNA, immune cells (CD4+, CD8+) and anti-HIV drug resistance. During the past twenty years, great progress has been made in laboratory testing. As research on HIV/AIDS has advanced and biotechnology has developed rapidly, different methods of testing have been discovered. In recent years, the application of molecular biotechnology and immunology has led to important advances for epidemiological surveys, clinical diagnosis and treatment of HIV. The existence of a testing method with high sensitivity and specificity is not only helpful for early diagnosis and prediction, monitoring and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, but can also reduce the risk of false-negative results. HIV laboratory testing is now developing towards a simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate and automatic way of diagnosing this condition.
Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of Jiuweirougan granule in the treatment of chronic hepatitis with hepatic fibrosis. Methods A double-blind, double dummy and randomized controlled method was adopted. Forty-six patients were selected by using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomizedly allocated to the treatment group (n=23, Jiuweirougan 10 g, twice a day) and the control group (n=23, treated with Biejiaruangan 4 pills, three times a day). The duration of treatment for both groups lasted for 6 months. Results Two patients in the treatment group dropped out halfway through the study, while one patient in the control group was withdrawal for irregular treatment. Analysis according to intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) was conducted. In the treatment group, the effective rates of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) on the syndrome were 82.61% (19/23) (ITT) and 90.48% (19/21) (PP), while in the control group, there were 86.96% (20/23) (ITT) and 86.36% (19/20) (PP). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). The improvement rate of serum parameters in the treatment group such as hyaluronic acid (HA), type Ⅲ procollagen (PCⅢ), type Ⅳ collagewn (CⅣ) and laminin (LN) were 28.57% (6/21), 23.81% (5/21), 28.57% (6/21) and 4.76% (1/21), respectively, while in control group, the rates were 36.37% (8/22),13.64% (3/22), 36.37% (8/22) and 9.09% (2/22), respectively. No significant difference was seen between the two groups (P＞0.05). ITT and PP analysis revealed similar results. No obvious adverse effects were noted. Conclusion Jiuweirougan granule may improve chronic hepatitis with fibrosis, and its effect is equal to that of Biejiaruangan. No obvious toxic-adverse effects were seen.
【摘要】 目的 评价九味柔肝颗粒治疗慢性乙肝肝纤维化的疗效和安全性。 方法 根据纳入与排除标准，选取2007年2-8月入院的慢性乙肝肝纤维化（气滞血瘀兼湿热未净证）患者96例，按3∶1随机分为两组进行随机双盲双模拟对照试验。试验组72例，口服九味柔肝颗粒， 2次/d，每次10 g；阳性对照药鳖甲软肝片组（对照组）24例，口服鳖甲软肝片，4片/次，3次/d；两组疗程均为6个月。 结果 试验组完成治疗66例，对照组完成21例。符合方案数据分析（PPS）结果显示，试验组治疗后中医证侯积分及B超积分分别下降了0.50±1.04和8.61±3.62，对照组分别下降了0.32±1.01和8.63±3.15，均较治疗前显著下降（Plt;0.05），两组比较无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。在血清肝纤维化四项指标方面，试验组除LN外，其余指标治疗后均较治疗前明显下降（Plt;0.05），对照组中仅PⅢP有显著下降（Plt;0.05），其余指标下降不明显，两组比较无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。两组患者治疗期间均未观察到明显不良反应，不良反应发生率分别为5.56%和4.17%。 结论 九味柔肝颗粒能明显改善慢性肝炎肝纤维化患者的症状和部分肝纤维化指标，其疗效与鳖甲软肝片相当，安全性良好。【Abstract】 Objective To assess the safety and therapeutic effect of Jiuweirougan grandule on chronic hepatitis B with hepatic fibrosis. Methods A double-blind, double dummy and randomized controlled method was adopted. Ninety-six patients from February to August 2007 selected by including and excluding criteria were distributed randomly in accordance with the 3∶1 ratio into the test group (n=72, treated with Jiuweirougan 10 g, two times per day) and the control group (n=24, treated with Biejiaruangan 4 tablets, three times per day). The period of treatment for both groups lasted for half a year. Results A total of 66 cases in the test group and 21 cases in the control group completed the experiment. The results of per-protocol population (PPS) suggested that the accumulated score of B ultrasound and symptom decreased 0.50±1.04 and 8.61±3.62 in the test group and 0.32±1.01 and 8.63±3.15 in the control group, respectively. The score decreased remarkably compared with pre-treatment(Plt;0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). For serum liver fibrotic parameters, all parameters except laminin (LN) in the test group decreased remarkably compared with pre-treatment(Plt;0.05). But in the control group, besides type Ⅲ procollagen (PCⅢ) decreased remarkably(Plt;0.05), other parameters showed no obvious changes. There was no significant difference between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). At the same time, no obvious adverse effect was found in the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.56% and 4.17% respectively. Conclusion Jiuweirougan granule may improve the syndrome and part of fibrotic index of chronic hepatitis B with fibrosis, and the effect is equal to that of Biejiaruangan with good security.
ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of the calcaneal plate bridge reconstruction plate for acetabular fracture involving quadrilateral surface via modified Stoppa approach.MethodsBetween January 2015 and December 2017, 18 patients with acetabular fracture involving quadrilateral surface were treated with the calcaneal plate bridge reconstruction plate via the modified Stoppa approach. There were 12 males and 6 females. The age ranged from 28 to 63 years (mean, 39 years). The cause of injury was traffic accident in 13 cases and falling from height in 5 cases. According to the Letournel-Judet classification, there were 10 cases of anterior and posterior column fractures, 6 cases of T-shaped fractures, and 2 cases of anterior column and posterior semi-transevere fractures. The interval from injury to operation was 6 to 24 days (mean, 8.6 days). The reduction quality was assessed by postoperative X-ray film and CT according to the criteria proposed by Matta. The hip joint function was assessed by the modified Merled’Aubigné-Postel score.ResultsThe operation time was 120-240 minutes (mean, 165 minutes) and the intraoperative blood loss was 600-1 400 mL (mean, 850 mL). All patients were followed up 18-30 months (mean, 24.5 months). There were 2 cases of the fat liquefaction of abdominal incisions, 3 cases of intraoperative injury of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, 1 case of lower limb thrombosis, and 1 case of abdominal pain and hematuria due to intraoperative accidental bladder injury. According to the criteria proposed by Matta, the reduction quality rated as anatomic reduction in 12 cases, satisfactory reduction in 5 cases, and unsatisfied reduction in 1 case, and the satisfaction rate was 94.4%. All fractures healed with the healing time of 3-5 months (mean, 3.4 months). During follow-up, no internal fixator loosening, breakage, or fracture displacement occurred. At last follow-up, according to modified Merled’Aubigné-Postel score, hip joint functions rated as excellent in 11 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 2 cases, and poor in 1 case. The excellent and good rate was 83.3%.ConclusionApplication of calcaneal plate bridge reconstruction plate via the modified Stoppa approach for the acetabular fracture involving the quadrilateral surface can obtain satisfactory effectiveness.