Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of gabexate mesylate in the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） pancreatitis （PEP）. Methods The literatures and corresponding references of randomized controlled trials （RCT） on gabexate mesylate in the prevention of PEP were searched from Cochrane library （1970 to December 2010），PubMed （1966 to December 2010），EMBASE （1966 to December 2010），and CBM （1978 to December 2010）.Literature screening，data extraction and methodological quality assessment were individually performed by two researchers.The software RevMan 4.2 of Cochrane Collaboration was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 11 trails involving 3 012 patients were included. Meta analysis showed that high dose （≥1 000 mg）of gabexate mesylate with slow intravenous infusion （≥12 h） could effectively prevent from PEP （OR=0.27，95%CI： 0.11-0.64, P=0.003） and post-ERCP abdominal pain （OR=0.44，95%CI： 0.25-0.79，P=0.005） when compared with placebo. The low dose （≤500 mg） of gabexate mesylate with quick intravenous infusion （≤6.5 h） could not effectively prevent from PEP （OR=0.85, 95%CI： 0.59-1.34, P=0.570），post-ERCP hyperamylasemia （OR=0.86，95%CI： 0.69-1.07，P=0.180），and post-ERCP abdominal pain （OR=0.66，95%CI： 0.32-1.35，P=0.250）.When compared gabexate mesylate with ulinastatin, there was no statistical difference between them in the prevention of PEP （OR=1.57，95%CI： 0.39-6.24，P=0.520） and post-ERCP hyperamylasemia （OR=1.85, 95%CI： 0.83-4.13，P=0.130）. Conclusions The high dose （≥1 000 mg） of gabexate mesylate with slow intravenous infusion （≥12 h） other than low dose （≤500 mg） with quick intravenous infusion （≤6.5 h） is effective to prevent from PEP and post-ERCP abdominal pain，and can also prevent from post-ERCP hyperamylasemia to some extent.The effect which ulinastatin prevents PEP and post-ERCP hyperamylasemia is same to gabexate mesylate.The above conclusions remain to confirm by RCT with large sample and long-term follow-up of high-quality.
ObjectiveTo review the recent advances in the pancreatic cancer stem cells field and identify the research trend in future. MethodsCurrent literatures on pancreatic cancer stem cells were collected and reviewed. ResultsPancreatic cancer was a highly lethal disease and was usually diagnosed at a late stage, for which there were few effective therapies. Emerging evidence had suggested that pancreatic cancer cells proposed a heterogeneous organization. A subpopulation of stem celllike cells sustains tumor growth, propagation, metastasis, and resistance to standard chemotherapy. Cancer stem cells were identified based on their expression of different sets of cell surface markers and functional characteristics. Some important signaling pathways which maintain self-renewal and metastasis were upregulated in pancreatic cancer stem cells. ConclusionsCurrent findings clearly suggest that specific elimination of cancer stem cells is possible and therapeutically relevant. An improved understanding of the biological behavior of such cells may lead to the development of novel diagnosis and treatment regimens for pancreatic cancer.
Objective To analyze the citation classics articles， and approach the research development history and the research direction in the future about surgical treatment for type 2 diabetes. Methods The most frequently cited articles had published in Social Sciences Citation Index database by the end of October 30， 2012 were retrieved. The 50 most frequently cited articles were selected. Articles were evaluated for several characteristics， including number of citations， publication time， country of origin， institution， journal， publication type of article， and authorship. Results The most frequently cited article received 1 751 citations and the least frequently cited article received 73 citations， with a mean of 242.76 citations per article. These citation classics were published in 18 high-impact journals， led by Annals of Surgery and Obesity Research as 10 papers. Of the 50 articles， 18 articles were clinical observational study， 20 articles concerned basic science， 10 articles were review articles， and 2 articles were commentary. These citation classics were published from 1990 to 2009， most of them （40） from 2000 to 2009. Three institutions produced 2 top-cited articles， including Medical College of Virginia， Monash University， and East Carolina University. These articles originated from 14 countries， the top was USA （22 articles）. Two persons authored 3 published papers （Cummings DE and Rubino F）. Conclusion Most “citation classics” in research about surgery for type 2 diabetes are observational studies published in high-impact journals by US-based authors after 1990.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the production and possible significance of plasma trypsinogen activation peptides (TAP) in rat experimental acute pancreatitis. Methods Ninety SD rats were randomly allocated to five groups: group EP with retrograde ductal infusion of 3%sodium taurocholate; group NP with retrograde ductal infusion of 5%sodium taurocholate; group TP with retrograde ductal infusion of 3%sodium taurocholate and ulinastatin(UTI) intravenous infusion half an hour later; group CP with 0.9% NS retrograde ductal infusion; group OP with sham operation. Animals in each group were killed 3h,6h and 24h after infusion. Plasma TAP was determined by EIA.The histological severity of the pancreas were assessed by Schmidt method. Results The pancreatic pathological changes in group NP was significantly severe than in group EP. At 3h and 6h after infusion, plasma TAP concentration of group NP (4.798±0.169)nmol/L and (3.999±0.299)nmol/L were significant higher than that of group EP(2.416±0.148)nmol/L and (3.356±0.211)nmol/L. At 6h after infusion plasma TAP concentration of group TP 〔(1.611±0.113)nmol/L〕 was significant lower than that of group EP(3.356±0.211)nmol/L. The difference of plasma TAP concentration between group EP and group NP appeared prior to the difference of the histopathological changes of pancreas between two groups. Conclusion Plasma TAP concentration is connected with the severity of sodium taurocholate-induced rat pancreatitis. Plasma TAP concentration may be used as a marker for early assessment of the severity of this experimental acute pancreatitis.