Objective To review the research progress of P75 neurotrophin receptor (P75NTR) so as to clarify its mechanism, and to explore its relationship with nonunion so as to provide a new idea for the treatment of nonunion. Methods The related domestic and foreign literature of P75NTR in recent years was extensively reviewed, summarized, and analyzed to find out the mechanism of action of P75NTR and the pathological factors of nonunion formation. Results P75NTR can express in nonunion tissues and lead to defect of fibrin degradation and inhibition of angiogenesis, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of nonunion. Conclusion It needs to be confirmed by further study whether the purpose of treating nonunion can be achieved by blocking the effects described above of P75NTR.