【摘要】 目的 探讨辣椒素对不同年龄SD大鼠内脏感觉神经元上辣椒素受体（TRPV1）介导的离子通道的影响。 方法 急性分离7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠迷走神经结状神经节神经元，利用全细胞膜片钳技术在分离的神经元上记录辣椒素激活TRPV1受体后通道电流的变化。 结果 ①7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠内脏感觉神经元的膜电容分别为（18.57±8.60）和（19.85±9.47） pF，（Pgt;0.05）；②辣椒素能够激活7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠内脏感觉神经元上TRPV1并产生相似的内向电流，两组产生的峰电流密度分别为（48.59±18.87）、（55.91±20.52） pA/pF（Pgt;0.05）；③反复应用辣椒素使TRPV1受体发生失敏现象。 结论 大鼠内脏感觉神经元的TRPV1受体通道在出生后已经发育成熟，且对辣椒素激活的通道电流有相似的变化。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of capsaicin on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor-mediated ion channel currents of visceral sensory neurons in different-aged Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods We isolated the vagal nodose ganglion neurons of rats at an age of 7-9 days or 21-23 days acutely. With the whole cell patch clamp technique, we recorded the current changes of TRPV1 channels activated by capsaicin. Results ① Membrane capacitances of the visceral sensory neurons were (18.57±8.60) and (19.85±9.47) pF in rats of 7-9 and 21-23 days, respectively (Pgt;0.05). ② Capsaicin activated the TRPV1 channels and generated inward currents in all the rats; and the peak current densities of the rats of 7-9 days and 21-23 days were respectively (48.59±18.87) and (55.91±20.52) pA/pF (Pgt;0.05). ③ Repeated applications of capsaicin produced a phenomenon of desensitization in TRPV1 channels. Conclusion TRPV1 receptor channels of visceral sensory neurons in rats have matured after birth, and the current changes of TRPV1 channels activated by capsaicin are similar.