Objective To investigate the effect of lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with virtual reality training on walking ability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Methods Patients after ACLR treated in the Rehabilitation Medical Center of the Second Hospital of Jiaxing between May 2019 and July 2021 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. The patients with conventional ACLR rehabilitation training + lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with virtual reality training were used as the treatment group, and only the patients with conventional ACLR rehabilitation training were used as the control group. The rehabilitation training lasted for 8 weeks. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the two groups were evaluated by Lysholm knee score scale (LKSS), Holden walking score and Gait watch gait analysis. Results A total of 40 patients were included, with 20 patients in each group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in LKSS score, Holden walking score and Gait watch gait analysis dynamic data at 4 weeks of treatment (P>0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the LKSS score [(77.74±5.53) vs. (69.53±5.26) points], Holden walking score [(4.79±0.34) vs. (4.45±0.39) points] and Gait watch gait analysis dynamic data [step size: (78.35±2.43) vs. (73.64±3.35) cm, step frequency: (115.10±4.49) vs. (107.71±5.14) step/min, step speed: (108.63±8.55) vs. (96.78±8.47) cm/s] of the treatment group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05), The above indexes of the two groups were improved compared with those at 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with virtual reality training can effectively improve walking ability after ACLR.