ObjectiveTo investigate the long-term effectiveness of microgenia treatment with natural coral, and the volume relationship between the implant and the new bone. MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the cl inical data of 12 patients with microgenia treated by horizontal genioplasty with natural coral implantation between October 1998 and September 2004. There were 7 males and 5 females with the average age of 18.5 years (range, 15-28 years). The cephalometric data on the photo and X-ray films were collected at pre-operation, immediate after operation, and last follow-up. The vertical distance between lower lip point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance between inferior alveolar point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance of the osteotomic gap, and the distance between pogonion and the line between nasion and inferior alveolar point were measured, and the recurrence rates were caculated. ResultsAll incisions healed by first intention, and no complication occurred. All patients were followed up 8-12 years (mean, 9.2 years). X-ray films showed that the natural coral was replaced by new bone formation in the mental osteotomic gap; the new bone had good strength and firmly attached to the mentalis and periosteum. At last follow-up, the vertical distance between lower lip point and inferior mental point, the vertical distance between inferior alveolar point and inferior mental point, and the vertical distance of the osteotomic gap were decreased when compared with the ones at immediate after operation, and the mean recurrence rates were 6.1%, 22.9%, and 31.7%, respectively; and no obvious change was observed in the vertical distance between pogonion and the line between nasion and inferior alveolar point. Nine patients were satisfied with operation effectiveness; chin morphology was adjusted again in 3 patients. ConclusionNatural coral is a safe and effective bone substitute with enough stable new bone and good long-term effectiveness.
ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of the procedure of reconstructing the transverse arch of the forefoot by anastomosing adductor hallucis and abductor hallucis tendons in correcting hallux valgus. MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data from 28 patients (40 feet) with hallux valgus treated with the procedure of reconstructing the transverse arch of the forefoot by anastomosing adductor hallucis and abductor hallucis tendons between January 2010 and January 2014. There were 3 males (6 feet) and 25 females (34 feet), with an average age of 51.7 years (range, 20-71 years). The unilateral foot was involved in 16 cases and bilateral feet in 12 cases. The mean disease duration was 8.9 years (range, 1-30 years). All the cases had pain of the first metacarpophalangeal joint; 22 feet had collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot combined with plantar callus, and 8 feet had collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot combined with hammer toe deformity. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 59.07±8.49. Preoperative X-ray showed that the hallux valgus angle (HVA) was (33.68±8.10)°, and the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) was (15.60±4.07)°. According to classification of the hallux valgus by Mann, 9 feet were rated as mild, 23 feet as moderate, and 8 feet as severe. ResultsSuperficial infection of incision occurred in 1 case (1 foot) after surgery, and healing by first intention was obtained in the others. Two cases (3 feet) had numbness in the toes. All of 28 cases were followed up from 6 months to 4 years (1.8 years on average). Based on the AOFAS score, the results were excellent in 24 feet, good in 9 feet, fair in 4 feet, and poor in 3 feet, and the excellent and good rate was 82.5%. At last follow-up, the HVA, IMA, and AOFAS score were (15.10±5.28)°, (9.05±2.42)°, and 86.03±7.45 respectively, showing significant differences compared with preoperative ones (P=0.00). The collapsed transverse arch of the forefoot was recovered to some extent, plantar callus disappeared (14 feet), or decreased (8 feet). Recurrence of hallux valgus deformity was observed in 2 cases (3 feet) at 2 and 3 months after surgery respectively, and no hallux varus was found. ConclusionThis procedure not only can effectively reduce the increased hallux valgus angle, and narrow the angle between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal, but also can relocate the sesamoid system, reconstruct the transverse arch of the forefoot, and effectively restore the physiological anatomy structure and biological function of the forefoot.