ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness and safety of argatroban for patients with acute ischemic stroke. MethodsPubMed (1966 to 2013.12), EMbase (1966 to 2013.12), CENTRAL (2013.12), CBM (1978 to 2013.12), VIP (1989 to 2013.12), CNKI (1980 to 2013.12) and CDFD (for masters and Phds, 1999 to 2013.12) were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on argatroban for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, relevant data were retrieved by hand search and the data from pharmaceutical factories (TIPR Pharmaceutical Responsible Co. Ltd) were collected. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 11 RCTs involving 889 patients were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the argatroban group was better than the control group in improving patients' neurologic impairment scores (SMD=0.71, 95%CI 0.56 to 0.88, P < 0.000 01), and the effectiveness of neurological function (total result:OR=2.65, 95%CI 1.84 to 3.80, P < 0.000 01; placebo-controlled trial:OR=2.18, 95%CI 1.27 to 3.72, P=0.004; non-placebo-controlled trial:OR=3.09, 95%CI 1.89 to 5.06, P < 0.000 01), all with significant differences. No significant difference was found between the argatroban group and the control group in the long/short-term motilities or dependence rates as well as in the incidence of adverse reaction (OR=1.55, 95%CI 0.60 to 4.01, P=0.37). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that argatroban could improve neurologic impairment of patients with acute ischemic stroke without severe bleeding events or other adverse reaction. However, further studies are needed to confirm its effects on reducing rates of death and disability in treating acute ischemic stroke.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of early and deferred intravesical instillation in the treatment of cystitis glandularis after transurethral resection (TUR). MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 95 patients with cystitis glandularis during February 2007 to April 2012. Among them, 37 patients underwent the first intravesical instillation within 24 hours after transurethral resection (group A), while the others underwent the same treatment within a week (group B). Then, intravesical instillation in all patients were carried out once every week for 8 weeks, and after that, it was carried out once every month for 5 to 10 months. All the patients were followed up for 12 to 16 months. The cure rate, improvement rate, total effective rate, recurrence rate and incidence of adverse events associated with therapy were observed. ResultsRecovery rate, improvement rate, side effects were observed in group A and B respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). But there was significant difference in the total effective rate and recurrence rate (P<0.05). ConclusionThe first intravesical instillation within 24 hours after transurethral resection in the treatment of cystitis glandularis can improve curative effect and lower recurrence rate, without the increase of side effects.