Objective To study the effect of substance P ( SP) on int racellular f ree calcium concent ration in human poorly-differentiated gast ric cancer cell in vitro. Methods Human gast ric cancer cell line MKN45 was cultured in RPMI 1640. Then the cells were loaded with specific calcium fluorescent probe Furu23/ AM. ASN21377642 (NK21 receptor antagonist) , Nicardipine (calcium channel blocker) and different concent rations of SP were used to treat gast ric cancer cells. The concent ration changes of int racellular free calcium were detected by laser scanning confocal microscope. Results It was found that 10 , 50 and 100 nmol/ L SP could significantly increase the int racellular free calcium concent ration of gast ric cancer cells in Hanks solutions , which contain ext racellular calcium ( P lt;0. 05) , and the change was in a dose-dependent manner ( P lt; 0. 05) . When there was ext racellular calcium existed ,the increasing amplitude of intracellular f ree calcium concent ration was significantly higher than that when there was no extracellular calcium ( Plt; 0. 05) . And when Hanks solutions were pretreated with ASN21377642 and Nicardipine , the effects of 100 nmol/ L SP were partly inhibited , and the concent rations of int racellular f ree calcium were significantly lower than those in group s without pret reatment s ( P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusion SP can significantly increase free calcium concent ration in the gastric cancer cells. Releasing of stored calcium in the cells and influx of extracelluar calcium may contribute to the elevation of int racellular free calcium concentration.
Objective To resolve the tough problem of how to observe the growing cells in an opaque vector. Methods The urethral epithelial cells from a young male New Zealand rabbit were inoculated, and were primarily cultured in vitro and subcultured for 3 passages. Then, the urethralepithelial cells were cultured in the collagen chitosan complex for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. The cells were dyed with 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetateacetoxymethyl ester and propidium iodine, respectively. Then, Interactive Laser Cytometer was used to detect the growing cells. Results The urethral epithelial cells grew and proliferated very well in the collagen chitosan complex vector. After the urethral epithelial cells grew in the collagen-chitosan complex vector for 3 and 7 days, the fluorescent density amount of the surviving cells were(1.09±0.13)×10.8 and (2.04±0.13)×10.8, respectively. However, after 14and 21 days, the fluorescent density amount of the surviving cells was (0.55± 0.09)×10.8 and (0.47±0.03)×108, respectively. There was a significant difference when compared with the amount of the surviving cells at 3 and 7 days（P＜0.05）.Conclusion Using Interactive Laser Cytometer for measurement of the green and red fluorescent densities of different waves, the activity of the cultured urethral epithelial cells in vitro can be rapidlymeasured with the in situ quantitation method. This method solves a difficult problem of observing the growing cells in an opaque vector. The dynamic growing state of the engineering tissues can be observed.
OBJECTIVE To discuss the methods selection on treatment of body surface hemangioma. METHODS From February 1983 to March 2001, 265 patients with different types of body surface hemangioma were treated with prednisone in 94 cases, laser in 102 cases, and plastic surgery operation in 69 cases respectively. RESULTS Followed up 6 months to 15 years, 70 cases with prednisone treatment were cured (74.5%), which meaned the hemangioma was totally removed and no recurrence in 6 months follow-up, 51 cases with laser treatment were cured (50%), while in the plastic surgery operation group, the cure rate was 98.6% (68 cases). CONCLUSION Treatment with prednisone, laser or plastic surgery operation are all effective to body surface hemangioma and proper treatment method should be selected according to different period and different type of hemangioma to improve the therapeutic effectiveness.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and distribution of platelet derived growth factor receptor-beta(PDGFR-beta) in normal skin and keloid and to discuss its biological function in keloid formation. METHODS: 1. To detect the expression and distribution of PDGFR-beta in normal skin and keloid tissue by immunohistochemistry; 2. To detect the receptor expression in vitro by Flow cytometry (FCM); 3. To detect the subcellular distribution of receptor by Laser confocal microscope. RESULTS: 1. Immunohistochemistry showed that normal skin and keloid tissue were almost the same in expression but different in distribution of PDGFR-beta; 2. There was more expression of PDGFR-beta in normal fibroblasts than that in keloid fibroblasts in vitro by FCM; 3. Laser confocal microscope revealed that the PDGFR-beta concentrated on the surface of cell membrane in keloid fibroblasts, but in normal skin fibroblasts, the receptors were coagulated on the nuclear membrane and intranucleus. CONCLUSION: Compared with the fibroblasts in vivo, there was a difference of the PDGFR-beta expression in fibroblasts in vitro, more expression of PDGFR-beta in normal fibroblast than that in keloid fibroblast in vitro; and the subcellular distribution of PDGFR-beta was different in normal skin and keloid fibroblasts. The characteristics of the expression and distribution of PDGFR-beta in keloid may contribute to the formation of keloid.
In search of a rapid method for vascular anastomosis with high quality,a compatative study was carried out to observe the results of laser welding of the saphenous artery of rabbit(0.45-0.85 indiameter)with the use of a degradable intraluninal bionterial support and the traditional method of suture anastomosis. The results showed that there was no significant difference observed between the two groups in the immediate and long patency rated and the occurrence of stenosis,However,the time ...
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common ocular complication of diabetes patients. It mainly involve macular which is closely related with visual function, thus DME is one of the major reasons causing visual impairment or blindness for diabetes patients. How to reduce the visual damage of DME is always a big challenge in the ophthalmic practice. In the past three decades, there are tremendous developments in DME treatments, from laser photocoagulation, antiinflammation drugs to antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. However, the mechanism of DME development is not yet completely clear; every existing treatment has its own advantages and weaknesses. Therefore DME treatment still challenges us to explore further to reduce the DME damages.
Objective To compare the clinical results of yellow micro-pulse laser and traditional laser grid (MLG) photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods Seventy-eight patients (106 eyes) with DME diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into micro-pulse group (39 patients, 51 eyes) and MLG group (39 patients, 55 eyes). The patients of micropulse group underwent 577 nm yellow micro-pulse laser therapy, while the patients of MLG group underwent continuous wavelength laser photocoagulation with a 561 nm yellow green laser. All the patients were examined documenting corrected visual acuity, macular retinal thickness (CMT) and mean sensitivity within macular 10 deg; examination before and after treatment. Six months after treatment was considered as the judgment time for the therapeutic effects. The mean corrected visual acuity, CMT and MS were comparatively analyzed. Results Six months after treatment, the mean corrected visual acuity of micropulse group and MLG group were 0.45plusmn;0.20 and 0.42plusmn;0.20, which increased significantly compared to those before treatment (t=3.404,2.316; P＜0.05). The difference of mean corrected visual acuity between before and after treatment of micro-pulse group and MLG group were 0.08plusmn;0.02 and 0.06plusmn;0.03, the difference was statistically significant between two groups (t=0.532, P＞0.05). The mean CMT of micropulse group and MLG group were (323.94plusmn;68.30) and (355.85plusmn;115.88) mu;m, which decreased significantly compared to those before treatment (t=4.028, 2.039; P＜0.05). The difference of mean CMT between before and after treatment of micro-pulse group and MLG group were (55.12plusmn;13.68) and (22.25plusmn;10.92) mu;m. The difference was not statistically significant between two groups (t=1.891,P＞0.05). The mean MS of micro-pulse group and MLG group were (6.63plusmn;2.65) and (4.53plusmn;1.81) dB. The mean MS of micro-pulse group increased significantly compared to that before treatment(t=3.335,P＜0.05). The mean MS of MLG group decreased significantly compared to that before treatment (t=3.589,P＜0.05). The difference of mean MS between before and after treatment of micro-pulse group and MLG group were (1.10plusmn;0.33) and (-0.91plusmn;0.25) dB.The difference was statistically significant between groups (t=4.872，P＜0.05). Conclusions In the treatment of DME, yellow micro-pulse laser therapy and MLG can improve visual acuity, and reduce CMT. In addition, yellow micro-pulse laser therapy can improve the MS, but MLG reduces MS.
Intravitreal injection of antiangiogenic agents is widely used to treat retinal vascular disease. This therapy can induce regression of neovascular vessels; reduce intraocular inflammation and retinal vascular permeability, and control macular edema. However the action period of these agents is short, and thus this therapy need repeated injections which cause higher operation risk and cost. Retinal laser photocoagulation therapy can close retinal capillary non-perfusion area and neovascular vessels, reduce macular edema caused by vascular leakage. However, as its therapeutic effect is based on the destruction of the retinal tissues in the lesion area, this therapy need longer time to show its effects. When the disease is controlled by this method, it may already induce some structural irreversible damages to the retina, especially the macular. This is why the visual acuity is not satisfactory in some patients, even though the disease get controlled, macular edema gets disappeared and anatomical structure of retina get improved. Properly evaluating all the pros and cons of retinal photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of antiangiogenic agents, will allow us to explore a better way to combine these two therapies to treat retinal vascular diseases.
Objective To observe the effectiveness of combined therapy of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and macular grid laser photocoagulation for branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with macular edema (ME).Methods Forty-six patients of BRVO with ME were enrolled in this study. All the patients were examined for corrected visual acuity of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), slit lamp microscope, direct ophthalmoscope, intraocular pressure, fundus color photography, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. The patients were divided into three groups by different treatments: injection group (18 eyes) received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab only, joint group (17 eyes) received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab combined with grid laser photocoagulation, and laser group (11 eyes) received laser photocoagulation only. The follow-up ranged from three to 15 months, with a mean of (8.0plusmn;3.2) months. The same equipment and methods were used to return visit in follow-up period. Repeated injections were adopted in injection group and joint group according to the results of subsequent visits. Then the repeated times of injection in two groups were compared. The visual acuity, macular retinal thickness (CRT) and ocular and systemic adverse reactions about drugs and treatments were followed up. The last follow-up time was considered as the judgment time for the therapeutic effects. Results The mean repeat times of injection in the injection group was 5.4plusmn;0.4, which more than that in the joint group 3.2plusmn;0.6 (t=12.17,P＜0.05). No ocular or systemic adverse events were observed in follow-up period. ETDRS visual acuity of injection group, joint group and laser group increased by 7.30plusmn;8.68,8.50plusmn;6.04,1.55plusmn;6.85 letters respectively after treatment. The differences were statistically significant before and after treatment in injection group and joint group (t=3.58, 5.78;P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in laser group (t=0.75,P＞0.05). The difference was not statistically significant between injection group and joint group (t=0.45,P＞0.05). The difference was statistically significant between injection group and laser group, but also between joint group and laser group (t=2.13, 2.81;P＜0.05). CRT of injection group, joint group and laser group decreased by (110.56plusmn;43.08), (125.47plusmn;35.19), (50.73plusmn;19.68) mu;m respectively after treatment, with statistically significant differences (t=-10.89,-14.70, -8.55;P＜0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of BRVO with ME, intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with macular grid laser photocoagulation can reduce repeat times of injection, improve visual function and relieve ME.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide combined of macular laser grid photocoagulation (IVTA/MLG) versus macular laser grid (MLG) photocoagulation only for treatment of diabetic macular edema. Methods A computerized search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, Embase Library, Pubmed, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database and Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) on IVTA/MLG and MLG only for treatment of diabetic macular edema were selected. After the data extraction, quality of RCT was assessed. The meta analysis was performed by RevMan 5.1.The outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the central foveal thickness (CMT). Results In total, six RCT that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the metaanalysis involving 166 eyes in MLG group and 165 eyes in IVTA/MLG group. The results suggested that there was no significant differences in BCVA (Z=1.27,P=0.20), but differences were statistically significant comparing CMT (Z=2.41,P=0.02), incidence of ocular hypertension and cataract (Z=3.62,P＜0.01) between MLG and IVTA/MLG groups at the six month follow-up. Conclusions There is no significant advantage of IVTA/MLG as compared with MLG,but it could reduce CMT. However, a high-quality, large sample RCT should be further investigated.