ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, analyze its influential factors, and explore the measure of hypoglycemia education. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted with a sample of 5 961 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 144 hospitals in China between April and July 2010. The investigation contents included patients' demographic data and the knowledge of hypoglycemia. ResultsThe score of the knowledge of hypoglycemia was 62.71±10.34 and the status was medium. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that degree of education, duration of diabetes mellitus, periodic inspection, education about diabetic complications, times of hypoglycemia were influencing factors for the knowledge of hypoglycemia (P<0.05). ConclusionThe status of the knowledge of hypoglycemia is not optimistic. Educators should pay attention to the characteristics of patients and provide a safe regiment for controlling blood sugar with a comprehensive introduction of hypoglycemia.