ObjectiveTo study the relation between daily activity that can make right atrium pressure rise (such as abdominal belt, sighs, weight lifting) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). MethodsA total of 122 cases of positive patients by the routine transcranial Doppler (TCD) foaming test between 2014 and 2015 were collected. Forty-one patients underwent TCD foaming test in the case of abdominal belt, 41 in the case of sighs, and 40 in the case of weight lifting. We recorded the right to left shunting of the above three cases, and compared them with the normal TCD foam test. ResultsThere was a significant difference in the positive rate between the sigh group and abdominal belt group, and between the sigh group and weight lifting group (χ2=10.5, 7.40; P<0.01). The positive rate in the abdominal belt group was not significantly different from that of the weight lifting group (χ2=0.314, P>0.05). In the sigh group, the sigh shunting volume was significantly higher than that when the patients were at rest. The shunting volume was the biggest when the patients had Valsalva movement, followed by sighing and resting. ConclusionThe daily activity that can make right atrium pressure rise (such as abdominal belt, sighs, weight lifting) can increase the shunting flow from the right to the left. The highest positive rate occurs when patients sigh. This study can provide a certain theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke.
ObjectiveTo analyze the pathogenic bacteria distribution, structure and characteristics of drug resistance in patients with acute stroke complicated with pulmonary infection, in order to provide reference for the prevention of hospital infection and rational use of antimicrobial agents. MethodsA total of 864 clinical specimens of acute stroke complicated with pulmonary infection were chosen for study between January 2012 and December 2014. Separation and cultivation were done in accordance with the operation procedures regulated by the Ministry of Health. Drug sensitivity examination was done by Kirby-Bauer (k-b). Super-extensive spectrum β lactamase (ESBL) and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were detected to analyze the bacterial species and resistance transition. ResultsA total of 864 samples were cultivated, in which G-bacteria accounted for 61.2%. The main pathogenic bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanmii and Staphylococcus aureus. Imipenem had high antimicrobial activity to G-bacilli, especially to Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin had high antibacterial activity to staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was not found. Ciprofloxacin had high antibacterial activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while imipenem had low antibacterial activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Amikacin had high antibacterial activity to acinetobacter. ConclusionG-bacilli are predominant in acute stroke complicated with pulmonary infection. ESBLs and MRSA detection rate is high, and we should pay attention to the rational use of antibiotics to reduce drug resistance.